A Dual‐Functional Triboelectric Nanogenerator Based on the Comprehensive Integration and Synergetic Utilization of Triboelectrification, Electrostatic Induction, and Electrostatic Discharge to Achieve Alternating Current/Direct Current Convertible Outputs

Abstract

Traditional alternating current (AC) and direct current (DC) triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs), which are implemented via the pairwise coupling of triboelectrification, electrostatic induction, and electrostatic discharge, have been widely explored in various fields. In this work, the comprehensive integration and synergetic utilization of triboelectrification, electrostatic induction, and electrostatic discharge in a single device for the first time is realized, achieving a dual‐functional TENG (DF‐TENG) to produce an AC/DC convertible output. Distinguishing from the conventional TENGs, the coupling of triboelectrification and electrostatic discharge enables charge circulation between the dielectric tribo‐layers, while electrostatic induction realizes charge transfer in the external circuit. This novel energy conversion mechanism has been proven to be applicable to a variety of materials, including polymers, fabrics, and semiconductors. The output mode of the DF‐TENG can be tuned by adjusting the slider motion state, and its constant output current and power density can reach 1.51 mA m−2 Hz−1 and 398 mW m−2 Hz−1, respectively, which are the highest records reported for constant DC‐TENGs to date. This work not only provides a paradigm shift to achieve AC/DC convertible output, but it also exhibits high potential for extending the TENG design philosophy.

Overall performance improvement of direct-current triboelectric nanogenerators by charge leakage and ternary dielectric evaluation

“…Surprisingly, PET with a total normalized index value of 6.72 outperforms many other materials. Furthermore, compared with the latest typical DC-TENG, 26,28,31,36–42 the optimized rotating T-DC-TENG achieves an average power density of 12.3 W m −2 (6.15 W m −2 Hz −1 ), which is the highest record reported for the DC-TENG to date (Fig. 1g and Table S1, ESI†).…”

“…S9b, ESI†). Compared with the previous rotating DC-TENG using electrostatic breakdown, 25,27,36,40,44 phase control, 26,42 and mechanical time-delay switch to generate DC output, 28 the rotating T-DC-TENG obtains a high charge density of 7.12 mC m −2 , which is 1.8 times higher than the highest record of the rotating DC-TENG (Fig. 4b and Table S8, ESI†).…”

“…In Fig. 4e and Table S10 (ESI†), compared with the latest DC-TENG, 26,28,31,36–38,40,42 the crest factor of T-DC-TENG (1.0043) creates a new record of constant current TENG, which changes the built-in characteristics of the pulse output of the conventional TENG. However, the increase in the rotational speed has little effect on the stable voltage output of T-DC-TENG, as shown in Fig.…”

Nanocatalysts for modulating antitumor immunity: fabrication, mechanisms and applications

“…Recently, TENGs with the output of direct current (DC) have been developed based on the coupling effect of the triboelectrification effect and electrostatic discharge. 98 The output electricity of TENGs is characterized by high open-circuit voltage (up to 35 kV) and low short-circuit current. 99,100 The high voltage of triboelectricity provides TENGs with vast applications in self-powered electrocatalysis.…”

Achieving Material and Energy Dual Circulations of Spent Lithium‐Ion Batteries via Triboelectric Nanogenerator

“…Recently, triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) coupling the effects of electrification and electrostatic induction can harness the ambient energy or kinetic energy into electricity. [23][24][25] Besides, deriving from lowered energy waste, reduced concentration polarization, and decreased over potential, the pulse output of TENG also enhances the electrochemical reaction efficiency. [26] Taking the advantages of lightweight, easy fabrication, diverse choice of materials, and self-powering capability, many devices based on TENG, including seawater splitting for highpurity hydrogen, [27] electrochemical hydrogen peroxide production system, [28] and organic contaminants degradation system, [29] have been explored in self-powered mode, which enhances the portability of the devices and allows for miniaturization.…”