A double layer plaque assay using spread plate technique for enumeration of bacteriophage MS2

Cormier, Jiemin; Janes, Marlene E.

doi:10.1016/j.jviromet.2013.10.034

Cited by 79 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The evaluation of bacteriophage and E.coli viability was performed by the plaque assay method. 28,34,35 Once the solutions with known concentrations of coliphage and E. coli were prepared, two rounds of experiments were conducted in the ABCD to study the inactivation of MS2 virus and then for E. coli. Samples of 1.3 ml were collected from 10 to 15 mm above the central area of the sinter.…”

Section: Disinfection Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virus and bacteria inactivation by CO2 bubbles in solution

2019

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The availability of clean water is a major problem facing the world. In particular, the cost and destruction caused by viruses in water remains an unresolved challenge and poses a major limitation on the use of recycled water. Here, we develop an environmentally friendly technology for sterilising water. The technology bubbles heated un-pressurised carbon dioxide or exhaust gases through wastewater in a bubble column, effectively destroying both bacteria and viruses. The process is extremely cost effective, with no concerning by-products, and has already been successfully scaled-up industrially.

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Section: Disinfection Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virus and bacteria inactivation by CO2 bubbles in solution

2019

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“…Lately, the double agar overlay or soft agar overlay methods of plaque assay are most commonly used approach for determining phage titers. This technique has been used by researchers with Bacillus (Shin et al, 2011), Campylobacter , Escherichia (Cormier and Janes, 2014), Klebsiella (Kęsik-Szeloch et al, 2013), Salmonella , Staphylococcus , Vibrio (Peng et al, 2014) and others. Furthermore, phage particles can also be enumerated by other methods such as electron microscopy or fluorescent microscopy ( Table 1).…”

Section: Enumeration Concentration and Purification Of Bacteriophagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacteriophages and their applications

Thung¹,

Lee²,

Premarathne³

et al. 2018

Food Res.

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Bacteriophages are ubiquitous in our world, mainly in the oceans, soil, the water and food we consume. They can be used efficiently in modern biotechnology, as well as alternatives to antibiotics for many antibiotic resistant bacterial strains. Phages can be used as vehicles for vaccines both DNA and protein, for the detection of pathogenic bacterial strain, as biocontrol agents in agriculture and food industry. This review outlines the properties as well as the influence of different external physical and chemical factors like temperature and acidity on phage persistence. A better understanding of the complex problem of phage sensitivity to external factors may be useful for other researchers working with phages. Furthermore, the applications of bacteriophages were described in this paper as well.

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“…After overnight incubation, plaques showing dead E. coli cells lysed by MS2 were visible. Only Petri dishes that contained 10 -100 plaques were used for counting plaque forming unit (PFU) in order to provide accurate counts (Cormier & Janes, 2014). By multiplying PFU with the dilution factor, the titer of viable MS2 C viable (PFU/mL) was determined, using Eq.…”

Section: Viability Preservationmentioning

confidence: 99%

An efficient virus aerosol sampler enabled by adiabatic expansion

Afshar-Mohajer

Theodore

et al. 2018

Journal of Aerosol Science

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A B S T R A C TProtection of public health against pathogenic viruses transmitted through the airborne route requires effective sampling of airborne viruses for determination of their concentration and distribution. However, sampling viable airborne viruses is challenging as conventional bioaerosol sampling devices operate on inertia-based mechanisms that inherently have low sampling efficiency for virus aerosols in the ultrafine size range (< 100 nm). Herein, a Batch Adiabatic-expansion for Size Intensification by Condensation (BASIC) approach was developed for efficient sampling of virus aerosols. The BASIC utilizes adiabatic expansion in a supersaturated container to activate condensation of water vapor onto virus aerosol particles, thus amplifying the size of the particles by orders of magnitude. Using aerosolized MS2 bacteriophage, the BASIC's performance was evaluated and optimized both from the perspectives of physical size amplification as well as preservation of the viability of the MS2 bacteriophage. Experimental results show that one compression/expansion (C/E) cycle under a compression pressure of 103.5 kPa and water temperature of 25°C was sufficient to increase the particle diameter from < 100 nm to > 1 µm; further increases in the number of C/E cycles neither increased particle number concentration nor diameter. An increase in compression pressure was associated with physical size amplification and a higher concentration of collected viable MS2. Water temperature of 40°C was found to be the optimal for size amplification as well as viability preservation. No significant effect on particle size enlargement was observed by changing the dwell time after expansion. The results illustrate the BASIC's capability as a simple, quick and inexpensive tool for rapid sampling of viable airborne viruses.

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A double layer plaque assay using spread plate technique for enumeration of bacteriophage MS2

Cited by 79 publications

References 29 publications

Virus and bacteria inactivation by CO2 bubbles in solution

Virus and bacteria inactivation by CO2 bubbles in solution

Bacteriophages and their applications

An efficient virus aerosol sampler enabled by adiabatic expansion

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