Bacteriophages and their applications

Thung, Tze Young; Lee, E.; Premarathne, Jayasekara Mudiyanselage Krishanthi Jayarukshi Kumari; Nurzafirah, M.; Kuan, Chee Hao; Elexson, N.; Tan, Chia Wanq; Malcolm, Tan Turk Hsern; New, C.Y.; Ramzi, O. S.B.; Nuzul, N. J.; Azira, A. M. Noor; Fatimah, Ungku Zainal Abidin Ungku; Radu, Son

doi:10.26656/fr.2017.2(5).082

Cited by 14 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…To calculate the phage titer, we used the last plate, which had plaque counts ranging from 30–300. The titer was calculated, and the results were recorded as PFU mL − 1 [ 39 ]. The size of the plaque was measured using a ruler, and photographs were captured using a digital camera.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

RETRACTED: Isolation and Characterization of a Novel Lytic Phage, vB_PseuP-SA22, and Its Efficacy against Carbapenem-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa

et al. 2023

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Carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA) poses a serious public health threat in multiple clinical settings. In this study, we detail the isolation of a lytic bacteriophage, vB_PseuP-SA22, from wastewater using a clinical strain of CRPA. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis identified that the phage had a podovirus morphology, which agreed with the results of whole genome sequencing. BLASTn search allowed us to classify vB_PseuP-SA22 into the genus Bruynoghevirus. The genome of vB_PseuP-SA22 consisted of 45,458 bp of double-stranded DNA, with a GC content of 52.5%. Of all the open reading frames (ORFs), only 26 (44.8%) were predicted to encode certain functional proteins, whereas the remaining 32 (55.2%) ORFs were annotated as sequences coding functionally uncharacterized hypothetical proteins. The genome lacked genes coding for toxins or markers of lysogenic phages, including integrases, repressors, recombinases, or excisionases. The phage produced round, halo plaques with a diameter of 1.5 ± 2.5 mm on the bacterial lawn. The TEM revealed that vB_PseuP-SA22 has an icosahedral head of 57.5 ± 4.5 nm in length and a short, non-contractile tail (19.5 ± 1.4 nm). The phage showed a latent period of 30 min, a burst size of 300 PFU/infected cells, and a broad host range. vB_PseuP-SA22 was found to be stable between 4–60 °C for 1 h, while the viability of the virus was reduced at temperatures above 60 °C. The phage showed stability at pH levels between 5 and 11. vB_PauP-SA22 reduced the number of live bacteria in P. aeruginosa biofilm by almost five logs. The overall results indicated that the isolated phage could be a candidate to control CRPA infections. However, experimental in vivo studies are essential to ensure the safety and efficacy of vB_PauP-SA22 before its use in humans.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

RETRACTED: Isolation and Characterization of a Novel Lytic Phage, vB_PseuP-SA22, and Its Efficacy against Carbapenem-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa

et al. 2023

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“…Bacteriophages are widely distributed in the environment including sewage and can be isolated from a wide range of food such as chicken meat, beef, vegetables, and seafood (Premarathne, Anuar, et al, 2017;Thung et al, 2018). Accordingly, certain bacteriophages which specific to Listeria monocytogenes or Salmonella have been approved by US Food and Drug Administration and the Food Safety Inspection Service of the US Department of Agriculture for use on certain retail food products in the United States (Firlieyanti et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Partial characterization and in vitro evaluation of a lytic bacteriophage for biocontrol of Campylobacter jejuni in mutton and chicken meat

Thung

Lee

Mahyudin

et al. 2020

Journal of Food Safety

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Campylobacter jejuni is a major foodborne pathogen causing acute bacterial enteritis worldwide. Screening of novel bacteriophages as biocontrol tools to eliminate C. jejuni in food during pre‐ and postharvest is an emerging research field. In this study, we partially characterized C. jejuni bacteriophage CJ01 for potential use as biocontrol agent. Transmission electron microscopy revealed bacteriophage CJ01 belonged to the Myoviridae family with a genome size of approximately 136 kb. The results of host range assay revealed CJ01 was able to infect C. jejuni and C. lari strains, with burst size about 35 phages per infected cell and latent period of 30 min. The effectiveness of bacteriophage CJ01 (with 100 multiplicity of infection = 100) was determined in mutton and chicken meat artificially contaminated with C. jejuni. The amount of C. jejuni in treated mutton and chicken meat were significantly reduced by 1.70 log CFU/g and 1.68 log CFU/g, respectively, after 48 hr stored at refrigeration temperature (4°C). The data presented here suggest that bacteriophage CJ01 can be used as a postharvest biocontrol agent.

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“…The double-layer agar method, as described by Thung (Thung et al, 2017), was used to isolate Edwardsiella phages from aquaculture wastewater and natural surface water (Supplementary Information). After puri cation and proliferation, several characteristics of the isolated phages were characterized, including morphology via transmission electron microscopy (TEM), host spectrum, and temperature and pH tolerance (see Supplementary Information for details).…”

Section: Phage Isolation Characterization and Genome Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlling edwardsiellosis caused by Edwardsiella piscicida and mitigating drug-resistant gene dissemination: Bacteriophage EPP-1, a promising antibiotic alternative

Han,

Huang,

Liu

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Edwardsiella piscicida causes significant economic losses to the aquaculture industry worldwide. Phage-based biocontrol methods are experiencing a renaissance because of the spread of drug-resistant genes and bacteria resulting from the heavy use of antibiotics. Here, we showed that the novel Edwardsiella phage EPP-1 could achieve comparable efficacy to florfenicol using a zebrafish model of Edwardsiella piscicida infection and could reduce the content of the floR resistance gene in zebrafish excreta. Specifically, phage EPP-1 inhibited bacterial growth in vitro and significantly improved the zebrafish survival rate in vivo (P = 0.0035), achieving an efficacy comparable to that of florfenicol (P = 0.2304). Notably, integrating the results of 16S rRNA sequencing, metagenomic sequencing, and qPCR, although the effects of phage EPP-1 converged with those of florfenicol in terms of the community composition and potential function of the zebrafish gut microbiota, it reduced the floR gene content in zebrafish excreta and aquaculture water. Overall, our study highlights the feasibility and safety of phage therapy for edwardsiellosis control, which has profound implications for the development of antibiotic alternatives to address the antibiotic crisis.

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Bacteriophages and their applications

Cited by 14 publications

References 70 publications

RETRACTED: Isolation and Characterization of a Novel Lytic Phage, vB_PseuP-SA22, and Its Efficacy against Carbapenem-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa

RETRACTED: Isolation and Characterization of a Novel Lytic Phage, vB_PseuP-SA22, and Its Efficacy against Carbapenem-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Partial characterization and in vitro evaluation of a lytic bacteriophage for biocontrol of Campylobacter jejuni in mutton and chicken meat

Controlling edwardsiellosis caused by Edwardsiella piscicida and mitigating drug-resistant gene dissemination: Bacteriophage EPP-1, a promising antibiotic alternative

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