A double-blind comparison of fluphenazine and haloperidol in outpatient schizophrenic children

Engelhardt, David M.; Polizos, Polizoes; Waizer, Jonas; Hoffman, Stanley P.

doi:10.1007/bf01537988

Cited by 65 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Results from several studies indicate that young patients with AD and dysfunctional behaviors derive clinical benefit from treatment with the typical antipsychotics haloperidol, fluphenazine, and pimozide (Anderson et al 1984;Perry et al 1989;Engelhardt et al 1973;Ernst et al 1992;Faretra et al 1970;Naruse et al 1982). In hopes of providing better, more tolerated treatment to patients suffering from AD, investigators began to explore whether or not the atypical antipsychotics, with their reduced propensity for causing extrapyramidal side effects, might be effective in this patient population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Quetiapine in Nine Youths with Autistic Disorder

Findling

McNamara

Gracious

et al. 2004

Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Quetiapine in Nine Youths with Autistic Disorder

Findling

McNamara

Gracious

et al. 2004

Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology

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“…The CPRS-1 was designed by Engelhardt et al [ 1973] to evaluate the severity of disease and the behavior of autistic or schizophrenic children. The score is higher with the higher sever ity of disease.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood Serotonin and Free Tryptophan Concentration in Autistic Children

et al. 1984

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In 37 autistic children and 67 normal control subjects, determinations of plasma free and total tryptophan and blood serotonin levels were made simultaneously in order to establish a relationship between these parameters and the clinical rating scales: Children’s Psychiatric Rating Scale (CPRS-1), Werry-Weiss-Peters Activity Scale (WWPAS), and Developmental Quotient (DQ). The plasma free tryptophan level was significantly higher in autistic children than in normal control subjects. There tended to be a significant positive correlation between the plasma free tryptophan level and CPRS-1 or WWPAS score and a negative correlation between the plasma free tryptophan level and DQ. The blood serotonin level was significantly higher in autistic children than in normal control subjects. No correlation was established, however, between the blood serotonin level and CPRS-1, WWPAS score or DQ, and hence the clinical symptoms. Nor was there a correlation between blood serotonin and free tryptophan levels in these children. These results suggest that autistic children have some defect in tryptophan-serotonin metabolism in the brain, which is responsible for the clinical manifestations and behavioral abnormalities of infantile autism.

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“…Although other first-generation antipsychotics are also potent dopamine antagonists, haloperidol is associated with fewer adverse cognitive effects, less sedation, and fewer EPS. 91 Based on this information, haloperidol was chosen for the first placebo-controlled investigations of antipsychotics in children with ASD. These initial studies did not focus on aggression specifically, but rather described significant improvement in withdrawal and stereotypy in children with ASD, and additionally demonstrated positive impact on learning when haloperidol treatment was combined with language training.…”

Section: Pharmacological Treatments Of Aggressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aggression in autism spectrum disorder: presentation and treatment options

Fitzpatrick¹,

Srivorakiat²,

Wink³

et al. 2016

NDT

159

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent difficulties in social communication and social interaction, coupled with restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior or interest. Research indicates that aggression rates may be higher in individuals with ASD compared to those with other developmental disabilities. Aggression is associated with negative outcomes for children with ASD and their caregivers, including decreased quality of life, increased stress levels, and reduced availability of educational and social support. Therapeutic strategies including functional behavioral assessment, reinforcement strategies, and functional communication training may have a significant impact in reducing the frequency and intensity of aggressive behavior in individuals with ASD. Pharmacologic treatments, particularly the use of second-generation antipsychotics, may also be of some benefit in reducing aggression in individuals with ASD. With the ever-increasing rate of ASD diagnosis, development of effective therapeutic and pharmacologic methods for preventing and treating aggression are essential to improving outcomes in this disorder.

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A double-blind comparison of fluphenazine and haloperidol in outpatient schizophrenic children

Cited by 65 publications

References 8 publications

Quetiapine in Nine Youths with Autistic Disorder

Quetiapine in Nine Youths with Autistic Disorder

Blood Serotonin and Free Tryptophan Concentration in Autistic Children

Aggression in autism spectrum disorder: presentation and treatment options

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