A Donor Population Classified For Viral Exposure and Infection: Cytomegalovirus and Hepatitis B, With an Addendum on HTLV-III Test Results

Beckwith, David G.; Schweder, Annette

doi:10.1093/labmed/16.8.485

Cited by 2 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…In two studies comparing MSM and non-MSM donors, TTI were searched for in respectively 25,168 male blood donors with different time intervals since the last MSM contact (self-reported in an anonymous mail survey) versus control donors, and in 52 MSM-donors who were eligible as blood donors versus 209 non-MSM blood donors [ 12 , 19 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is limited evidence (in number and quality) from two observational studies from 1985 and 2005, that male blood donors who had sex with other men after 1977 have a statistically significant higher risk of HIV-1, compared to male blood donors who did not have sex with other men [ 12 , 19 ]. The study of Alpaugh et al found a risk ratio of 9.19, 95% CI 3.99–21.17 for the presence of antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (HBc) [ 12 ]. In this study the presence of antibodies to HBc was used to measure HBV infection.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because results of this study are influenced by the test that was used to measure the outcome, we did not take the HBV data—in contrast to its HIV data—into account into our final conclusion [ 25 ]. For the presence of antibody to human T Cell Lymphotropic virus type III antigen (= HIV-1), the risk ratio was 6.90, 95% CI 2.10–22.68 for the initial reactive test, and 27.60, 95% CI 3.47–219.37 for the repeatable reactive test [ 12 ]. In the study by Sanchez et al, including 25,168 male donors, 6% of the donors who had sex with other men after 1977 had reactive screening test results, versus 1.7% of non-MSM donors, which was statistically significant.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In all studies, risk of bias was found because of limitations in study design or execution. For several studies there was no description of possible confounders nor of the method that was used to adequately control for confounding [ 11 , 12 , 14 , 15 , 20 , 22 , 24 ], or it was unclear if measures undertaken to adequately control for confounding were sufficient [ 17 , 18 , 21 , 23 ]. For 5 of the case-control studies inappropriate eligibility criteria were used for the selection of cases and controls [ 11 , 16 , 23 , 24 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We identified 14 studies: two studies directly comparing MSM with non-MSM donors, two studies comparing different types of deferral strategy for MSM and 10 studies comparing infected versus non-infected donors during a permanent deferral policy for MSM. Two studies however provided (statistically significant) data that were not taken into account to formulate our conclusions: the HBV data in the study of Alpaugh et al were measured with an older diagnostic test with low specificity [ 12 ], and the HCV data in the study of Allison et al were not taking into account any confounding variables [ 11 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Is Having Sex with Other Men a Risk Factor for Transfusion-Transmissible Infections in Male Blood Donors in Western Countries? A Systematic Review

et al. 2015

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BackgroundAlthough increased prevalence of transfusion transmissible infections (TTI) among “men who have sex with men” (MSM) has been well documented, the exclusion of MSM as blood donors is contested. The aim of this systematic review is to find studies that describe the risk of TTI in MSM blood donors.MethodsWe searched MEDLINE, Embase, The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cinahl, and Web of Science, and used GRADE for determining evidence quality. We included studies comparing MSM and non-MSM blood donors (or people eligible to give blood), living in areas most relevant for our Blood Service.ResultsOut of 18 987 articles, 14 observational studies were included. Two studies directly compared MSM with non-MSM donors showing that MSM donors have a statistically significant higher risk of HIV-1 infections. In one of these studies it was shown that this was related to recent (< 12 months) MSM contact. In two additional studies no evidence was shown in favour of a certain deferral period for MSM. Ten studies, applying permanent deferral for MSM, compared infected versus non-infected donors. One study found that MSM is a statistically significant risk factor for HIV-1 infection in blood donors. For other TTI such as HBV or HCV, an increased risk of infection could not be demonstrated, because the precision of the results was affected by the low numbers of donors with MSM as risk factor, or because of risk of bias in the included studies. All studies included low level evidence, because of risk of bias and imprecision of the results.ConclusionsHigh-quality studies investigating the risk of TTI in MSM who donate blood are scarce. The available evidence suggests a link between MSM blood donors and HIV-1 infection, but is too limited to be able to unambiguously/clearly recommend a certain deferral policy.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Is Having Sex with Other Men a Risk Factor for Transfusion-Transmissible Infections in Male Blood Donors in Western Countries? A Systematic Review

et al. 2015

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Men who have sex with men and risk for transfusion‐transmissible infections in blood donors in Western countries: A systematic review update

et al. 2023

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Background and ObjectivesThis systematic review update summarizes evidence concerning transfusion‐transmissible infections (TTIs) in male blood donors reporting sex with another man (MSM) or after easing the MSM deferral period.Materials and MethodsWe searched five databases, including studies comparing MSM versus non‐MSM donors (Type I), MSM deferral periods (Type II) or infected versus non‐infected donors (Type III) in Western countries, and used GRADE to determine evidence certainty.ResultsTwenty‐five observational studies were included. Four Type I studies suggest that there may be an increased risk for overall TTIs, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV) and syphilis in MSM donors, but the evidence is very uncertain. There was insufficient evidence of MSM with low‐risk sexual behaviour. A Type II study indicates that easing the MSM deferral period to 1 year may have little to no effect on TTI risk. TTI prevalence in blood donors under 5‐year, 1‐year, 3‐month or risk‐based deferral in eight other Type II studies was too low to provide clear conclusions on the effect of easing the deferral. Three Type III studies reported that MSM may be a risk factor for HIV. Increased risk of HBV, hepatitis C virus and HTLV‐I/II could not be shown. The evidence from Type III studies is very uncertain.ConclusionThere may be an increased risk of HIV in MSM blood donors. Shortening the deferral from permanent to 1 year may have little to no effect on TTI risk. However, there is limited, unclear evidence from observational studies concerning the impact of introducing 3‐month or risk‐based deferrals.

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A Donor Population Classified For Viral Exposure and Infection: Cytomegalovirus and Hepatitis B, With an Addendum on HTLV-III Test Results

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Is Having Sex with Other Men a Risk Factor for Transfusion-Transmissible Infections in Male Blood Donors in Western Countries? A Systematic Review

Is Having Sex with Other Men a Risk Factor for Transfusion-Transmissible Infections in Male Blood Donors in Western Countries? A Systematic Review

Men who have sex with men and risk for transfusion‐transmissible infections in blood donors in Western countries: A systematic review update

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