A Distance-Learning Course to Improve Drug-Dispensing Behaviors Among Brazilian Community Pharmacists

Reis, Tiago Marques dos; Baldoni, André Oliveira; Campos, André; Girotto, Edmarlon; Guidoni, Camilo Molino; Obreli-Neto, Paulo Roque; Pereira, Leonardo Régis Leira

doi:10.5688/ajpe6874

Cited by 7 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…This trend reinforces the e-learning as a viable option, as described in the literature. 2 - 5 , 34 , 35 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Flexibility, convenience and increased access to the courses offered are considered the most important motivators. 2 - 6 Employers and professionals see e-learning as a way to not disrupt work activities and still develop professional training or a way to get CE, while living far from academic centers. 5 , 7 , 8 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 2 - 6 Employers and professionals see e-learning as a way to not disrupt work activities and still develop professional training or a way to get CE, while living far from academic centers. 5 , 7 , 8 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Flexibility, convenience and increased access to the courses offered are considered the most important motivators. [2][3][4][5][6] Employers and professionals see elearning as a way to not disrupt work activities and still develop professional training or a way to get CE, while living far from academic centers. 5,7,8 Even though e-learning is increasingly incorporated into the educational environment and that the performance of the participants is equal to or higher than those in traditional models, a review about the use of distance education in pharmacy education suggests that some students still prefer face-to-face teaching.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Comprehensive Understanding of the Use of e-Learning in Continuing Education: Experiences of Pharmacists in a Public Health System

Lorenzoni

Buendgens

Manzini

et al. 2021

INQUIRY

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Introduction: The health and education sectors have experienced rapid technological development. In this scenario, the use of Internet technology has grown as an option for the expansion of continuing education (CE), as it allows professionals to develop educational activities with flexibility, autonomy, and convenience. E-learning has gained popularity and currently, thousands of online courses are being offered. However, studies of e-learning in professional training have presented only a few specific foci of study. Objective: to develop a comprehensive approach to understand both the experience and the complex scenario of the use of e-learning in the CE for pharmacists. Method: Field research in 10 Brazilian states through interviews and focus groups with alumni of a CE e-learning specialization course for pharmacists in public health. Data analysis used the model of socio-technical systems and was based on a framework with the components Objectives, People, Processes, Culture, Technology, Infrastructure, and Scenario. Results: The People and Culture components indicated the assimilation and normalization of technologies in the educational process. Although the infrastructure (technical and organizational) was deficient in some regions, the Technology component suggested that the characteristics of the course design, associated with the personal characteristics of the students, provided ways to overcome obstacles. The objectives of the use of distance education seem to be related to the possibility of greater accessibility and autonomy. The Processes component, in turn, revealed the burden that a e-learning course puts on the pharmacist. Conclusion: E-learning proved to be useful to enable and expand access to education, providing pharmacists with an opportunity for CE. On the other hand, e-learning contributes to the normalization of the precarious working conditions of pharmacists, attributing to individuals the sole responsibility for the CE even in an institutional CE program, which results in work overload.

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“…This trend reinforces the e-learning as a viable option, as described in the literature. 2 - 5 , 34 , 35 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A Comprehensive Understanding of the Use of e-Learning in Continuing Education: Experiences of Pharmacists in a Public Health System

Lorenzoni

Buendgens

Manzini

et al. 2021

INQUIRY

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show abstract

“…In Brazil, the pharmaceutical profession underwent important transformations, with a change of roles and focus on the provision of clinical services ( 7 ) . Regulatory advances defined the pharmacy as a health entity dedicated to providing a pharmaceutical service to promote better health care for patients ( 8 ) . In this reality, it is important to note that these services have gained momentum by implementing the models focused on patient-centered.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patient safety in primary health care and polypharmacy: cross-sectional survey among patients with chronic diseases

Araújo

Santos

Bodevan

et al. 2019

Rev. Latino-Am. Enfermagem

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Objective:to characterize and determine the polypharmacy prevalence in patients with chronic diseases and to identify the factors associated, in order to improvement of pharmaceutical care focused on patient safety.Methods:cross-sectional study included 558 patients, covered by primary health care, using a household and structured questionnaire. We analyzed the data on polypharmacy and its clinical and socioeconomic factors. Poisson regression analysis with robust variance was applied, with results expressed in prevalence ratio.Results:the results showed that polypharmacy (consumption of four or more drugs) was of 37.6%. The prevalence ratio analyses identified independent variables associated with polypharmacy: age (3.05), economic strata (0.33), way of medication acquisition through a combination of out-of-pocket and Brazilian public health system (1.44), diabetes and hypertension (2.11), comorbidities (coronary artery disease 2.26) and hospital admission (1.73). In the analyses, inappropriate medication use of the 278 patients (≥ 65 years) was associated with polypharmacy (prevalence ratio 4.04).Conclusion:polypharmacy study becomes an opportunity to guide the strategies for the patient safety to promote the medication without harm in chronic diseases.

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Assessment of the impact of good pharmacy practices training among drug dispensers in Bangladesh

Ali,

Chakma,

Islam

et al. 2023

Front. Pharmacol.

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Background: Training improves dispensing behavior of drug dispensers in low- and middle-income countries. Between 2018 and 2020, a total of 5,059 Grade C pharmacists, who completed a 3-month training course for availing a “Grade C pharmacist certificate” were trained on Good Pharmacy Practice (GPP) in 11 districts in Bangladesh by Management Sciences for Health (MSH) under Better Health in Bangladesh (BHB) project. We assessed the impact of GPP among trained Grade C pharmacists under the BHB project compared to those who did not receive GPP training under the BHB project (non-trained), and explored the major challenges towards achieving GPP.Methods: We created a database of trained Grade C pharmacists provided by MSH and randomly selected the trained Grade C pharmacists for recruitment following consent. We created another database of the non-trained Grade C pharmacist who were deployed within a 1-km radius of a trained Grade C pharmacist, and randomly recruited one non-trained against one trained Grade C pharmacist. A semi structured questionnaire was administered to obtain information about knowledge of GPP, including guidelines of dispensing medicines, temperature maintenance, medicine storage, counseling customers and labeling medicines. Dispensing behavior was directly observed following a structured tool. Chi-square test (for categorical variables) and independent sample t-tests (for continuous variables) were applied for comparison between the trained and the non-trained Grade C pharmacists. A logistic regression model was applied to explore an association between knowledge and practice between the two groups.Results: Between February and March 2021, 220 trained and 220 non-trained Grade C pharmacists were recruited. Mean age (SD) of the participants was 41 years (10.5) and 98.4% were male. Compared to the non-trained, the trained Grade C pharmacists had better knowledge about the guidelines of dispensing medicines (97.7% vs 89.5%, p < 0.001), temperature maintenance (91.8% vs 45.5%, p = 0.001), medicine storage (92.3% vs 40.5%, p = 0.001) counseling customers (99.5% vs 92.3%, p < .001) and labeling medicines (91.0% vs 80%, p < 0.001). General dispensing behavior was observed to be better among the trained than the non-trained with labeling of medicines (63.2% vs 53.4%, p = 0.038), counseling customers (39.1% vs 28.6%, p = 0.021) and using a room thermometer for maintaining ambient temperature in the medicine shops (56.8% vs26.8%, p < 0.001). Bad behavior of the customers (39.5%) and lack of GPP knowledge among Grade C pharmacists (28.6%) were recognized to be challenges towards achieving GPP in Bangladesh.Conclusion: Training led to better knowledge and practices about dispensing medicines among Grade C pharmacists in Bangladesh. Periodic training may promote achieving GPP in Bangladesh.

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A Distance-Learning Course to Improve Drug-Dispensing Behaviors Among Brazilian Community Pharmacists

Cited by 7 publications

References 37 publications

A Comprehensive Understanding of the Use of e-Learning in Continuing Education: Experiences of Pharmacists in a Public Health System

A Comprehensive Understanding of the Use of e-Learning in Continuing Education: Experiences of Pharmacists in a Public Health System

Patient safety in primary health care and polypharmacy: cross-sectional survey among patients with chronic diseases

Assessment of the impact of good pharmacy practices training among drug dispensers in Bangladesh

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