A digestive phospholipase A2 in the tiger beetle Cicindella circumpicta

Uscian, John M.; Miller, Jon D.; Sarath, Gautam; Stanley-Samuelson, David W.

doi:10.1016/0022-1910(94)00094-w

Cited by 28 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…However, in this laboratory both phospholipases A 2 and C were immunohistochemically demonstrated in the midgut lumen, particularly associated with the peritrophic membrane and brush border (Wachtmann, D., unreported data). Uscian et al (1995) found only digestive phospholipase A 2 in the midgut lumen of the tiger beetle Cicindella circumpicta but no phospholipase C activity. This indicates that there are interspecific differences in PC digestion by insects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Digestion of phosphatidylcholines, absorption, and esterification of lipolytic products byAeshna cyanea larvae as studied in vivo and in vitro

Weiher¹,

Komnick²

1997

Arch. Insect Biochem. Physiol.

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Digestion and absorption of phosphatidylcholine by Aeshna cyanea larvae were studied in vivo and in vitro with the isolated digestive juice and isolated midgut. The experiments were performed with stable ether analogues (1‐alkyl‐2‐acyl‐,1,2‐dialkyl phosphatidylcholine, and 1‐monoalkyl‐lysophosphati‐dylcholine), with radioactive 1,2‐diacylphosphatidylcholine alternatively labelled in the acyl‐ and choline moieties, and with several phosphatidylcholine derivatives (1‐[1‐14C]acyl‐ and 1‐[3H] alkyl‐lysophosphatidylcholine, [1‐14C]oleic acid, [2‐14C]glycerol, phosphoryl[methyl‐14C]choline, and [methyl‐14C]choline). Chromatographic analyses of the digestion products revealed that phosphatidylcholine was degraded via two interconnected hydrolytic pathways involving phospholipase C, phospholipase A2, lipase, and alkaline phosphatase. Complete hydrolysis by these pathways yielded the same four end products: free fatty acid, glycerol, choline, and Pi, which were absorbed by the midgut enterocytes. Of the intermediate hydrolysates, lysophosphatidylcholine, monoacylglycerol, and possibly phosphorylcholine were also absorbed. Radiolabelled oleic acid, glycerol, lysophosphatidylcholine and monoacylglycerol (as judged from monoalkylglycerol absorption) were incorporated into phospholipids and acylglycerols of the midgut enterocytes and were released into the haemolymph primarily in the form of diacylglycerols. In the case of glycerol ingestion, a small fraction of haemolymph radioactivity was associated with free glycerol and glycerolphosphate. After absorption by the enterocytes, radiolabelled choline was partly oxidized to betaine, partly phosphorylated, and partly incorporated into lyso‐ and phosphatidylcholine. It was recovered from the haemolymph predominantly as free choline, phosphorylcholine, and betaine. Arch. Insect Biochem. Physiol. 36:273–293, 1997. © 1997 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Digestion of phosphatidylcholines, absorption, and esterification of lipolytic products byAeshna cyanea larvae as studied in vivo and in vitro

Weiher¹,

Komnick²

1997

Arch. Insect Biochem. Physiol.

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“…2-Piperidone (= δ-valerolactam, 14) previously has been shown to originate from lysine degradation via cadaverine, 1-piperideine, and subsequent cyclization of 5-aminopentanoic acid (Callery and Geelhaar 1984). The C 14 -, C 16 -, and C 18 -fatty acids and their corresponding methyl esters (27-33) may originate from the activity of lipolytic enzymes such as phospholipase A 2 (Uscian et al, 1995;Rana et al, 1997;Nor Aliza and Stanley 1998).…”

Section: Metabolic Origin Of Compounds Detected In Nicrophorus Secretmentioning

confidence: 98%

Secondary Metabolites Released by The Burying Beetle Nicrophorus vespilloides: Chemical Analyses and Possible Ecological Functions

2011

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Burying beetles of the genus Nicrophorus localize small vertebrate carcasses by emitted volatiles. The carcass that serves as reproduction and breeding site is buried in the soil by the beetles. Biparental care for offspring includes both preservation of the carrion and its preparation as diet and nursery. Buried carcasses show no signs of microbial decay, and those experimentally treated with Nicrophorus secretions are known to grow fewer bacteria and fungi. In order to investigate the chemical composition of these secretions, we used GC-MS for analysis of methanolic extracts of anal and oral secretions released by adult N. vespilloides. Furthermore, we analyzed the headspace of adult N. vespilloides by SPME-GC-MS and searched for compounds with known antimicrobial activity. We identified 34 compounds in the headspace, and anal and oral secretions, 26 of which occurred consistently. We discuss the ecological relevance of these compounds with respect to both their antimicrobial activity and ecological relevance.

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“…Inquiry into the biochemical and biological features of PLA2s from insect sources other than venoms remains in an early phase. So far, PLA2s from midgut contents of tiger beetles, mosquito larvae, screwworms, and tobacco hornworms, plus a PLA2 associated with oral secretions of adult burying beetles have been characterized to a limited extent (Nor Aliza and Stanley, 1998;Nor Aliza et al, 1999;Rana et al, 1997Rana et al, , 1998Uscian et al, 1995). Aside from these secretory enzymes, putative intracellular PLA2s have been described for tobacco hornworm fat body (Uscian and Stanley-Samuelson, 1993) and hemocytes (Schleusener and Stanley-Samuelson, 1996).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We have commented on the potential biological significance of PLA2s in lipid digestion (Uscian et al, 1995). In the most obvious role, PLA2 facilitates fatty acid absorption by midgut epithelium by catalyzing the hydrolysis of fatty acids from the sn-2 position of dietary PLs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…So far we have characterized digestive PLA2s associated with midgut contents of several insect species, including the tiger beetle (Cicindela circumpicta), the robber fly (Asilis sp. ; Uscian et al, 1995), the tobacco hornworm (Manduca sexta; Rana et al, 1998), larval mosquitoes (Aedes aegypti; Nor Aliza and , and larvae of the primary screwworm (Cochlioomyia hominivorax, Nor Aliza et al, 1999). These enzymes are considerably different from one another, and some differ from mammalian digestive PLA2s.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phospholipase A2 in salivary glands isolated from tobacco hornworms, Manduca sexta

Tunaz

Stanley

2004

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Biochemistry an

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We describe a phospholipase A2 (PLA2) associated with the salivary glands of tobacco hornworms, Manduca sexta. This enzyme is able to hydrolyze arachidonic acid from the sn-2 position of PLs. Addition of the calcium chelator, EGTA, or calcium, to the Tris reaction buffer impaired the PLA2 activity, from which we infer the enzyme requires very low concentrations of calcium or perhaps other ions for optimal activity. PLA2 activity was sensitive to protein concentration (highest activity at 25 μg protein per μl), reaction time (optimal at 30 min), buffer pH (optimal at pH 8-10), and reaction temperature (optimal range 18-38°C). The salivary gland PLA2 was sensitive to the site-specific inhibitor, oleyloxyethylphosphorylcholine and stable to freezing at -80°C, but not -20°C. The biological significance of this enzyme may relate to hydrolysis of fatty acid moieties from dietary PLs for absorption by midgut epithelia. This salivary gland enzyme may also be responsible for killing foodborne bacteria.

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A digestive phospholipase A2 in the tiger beetle Cicindella circumpicta

Cited by 28 publications

References 23 publications

Digestion of phosphatidylcholines, absorption, and esterification of lipolytic products byAeshna cyanea larvae as studied in vivo and in vitro

Digestion of phosphatidylcholines, absorption, and esterification of lipolytic products byAeshna cyanea larvae as studied in vivo and in vitro

Secondary Metabolites Released by The Burying Beetle Nicrophorus vespilloides: Chemical Analyses and Possible Ecological Functions

Phospholipase A2 in salivary glands isolated from tobacco hornworms, Manduca sexta

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