A Dicynodont-Theropod Association in the Latest Triassic of Poland

Dzik, Jerzy; Sulej, Tomasz; Niedźwiedzki, Grzegorz

doi:10.4202/app.2008.0415

Cited by 102 publications

(147 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Norian and Rhaetian terrestrial strata from the Germanic Basin in Europe are dominated by basal sauropodomorphs (e.g., Yates, 2003b), but theropods are also present (Schoch and Wild, 1999). Similar assemblages have been reported from Greenland , and Dzik et al (2008) recently reported theropod dinosaurs from the latest Triassic of Poland. Poorly dated fissure fills from western Europe record the presence of sauropodomorphs and possible theropods (e.g., Benton et al, 2000;Yates, 2003a); these are generally thought to be latest Triassic to Early Jurassic in age (Whiteside and Marshall, 2008).…”

Section: Early Dinosaur-bearing Formationssupporting

confidence: 51%

“…Although two of us (SLB, RJB) have examined the specimens, we await a full description of the material before commenting on its phylogenetic and evolutionary importance. Regardless of the affinities of these large specimens, there are unequivocal small theropod vertebrae (described as coelophysoids by Dzik et al, 2008) in the same quarry.…”

Section: Late Triassic Theropods -Fossil Record and Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is no reason to think that this trend will change, especially as Triassic and Jurassic rocks are being explored at a remarkable rate, new localities are consistently being discovered, and localities known for over a hundred years are still producing new and exciting specimens. In particular, field exploration in Tanzania (Sidor et al, 2008;, Madagascar (Flynn et al, 2008), Poland (Dzik and Sulej, 2007;Dzik et al, 2008), the southwestern United States (Irmis et al, 2007a;Nesbitt et al, 2009a,b), Argentina (Martinez and Alcober, 2009), and Brazil (Ferigolo and Langer, 2007) has already yielded important new material, and should continue to do so throughout the near future. Additional fieldwork is underway across western and central Europe, South America, and Asia, and these regions-or other as yet unknown areas-may prove to be the next frontier of early dinosaur discovery.…”

Section: The Evolutionary Radiation Of Dinosaurs: Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dzik et al (2008) briefly described a number of well-preserved fossils from the latest Triassic (?Rhaetian) of Poland, which they interpreted as representing a large theropod dinosaur (∼ 3 m in length). They argued that this specimen extends the fossil record of large theropods, otherwise known from the Early-Middle Jurassic, into the Late Triassic.…”

Section: Late Triassic Theropods -Fossil Record and Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The origin and early radiation of dinosaurs

Brusatte

Nesbitt

Irmis

et al. 2010

Earth-Science Reviews

240

214

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Dinosaurs were remarkably successful during the Mesozoic and one subgroup, birds, remain an important component of modern ecosystems. Although the extinction of non-avian dinosaurs at the end of the Cretaceous has been the subject of intense debate, comparatively little attention has been given to the origin and early evolution of dinosaurs during the Late Triassic and Early Jurassic, one of the most important evolutionary radiations in earth history. Our understanding of this keystone event has dramatically changed over the past 25 years, thanks to an influx of new fossil discoveries, reinterpretations of long-ignored specimens, and quantitative macroevolutionary analyses that synthesize anatomical and geological data. Here we provide an overview of the first 50 million years of dinosaur history, with a focus on the large-scale patterns that characterize the ascent of dinosaurs from a small, almost marginal group of reptiles in the Late Triassic to the preeminent terrestrial vertebrates of the Jurassic and Cretaceous. We provide both a biological and geological background for early dinosaur history. Dinosaurs are deeply nested among the archosaurian reptiles, diagnosed by only a small number of characters, and are subdivided into a number of major lineages. The first unequivocal dinosaurs are known from the late Carnian of South America, but the presence of their sister group in the Middle Triassic implies that dinosaurs possibly originated much earlier. The three major dinosaur lineages, theropods, sauropodomorphs, and ornithischians, are all known from the Triassic, when continents were joined into the supercontinent Pangaea and global climates were hot and arid. Although many researchers have long suggested that dinosaurs outcompeted other reptile groups during the Triassic, we argue that the ascent of dinosaurs was more of a matter of contingency and opportunism. Dinosaurs were overshadowed in most Late Triassic ecosystems by crocodile-line archosaurs and showed no signs of outcompeting their rivals. Instead, the rise of dinosaurs was a two-stage process, as dinosaurs expanded in taxonomic diversity, morphological disparity, and absolute faunal abundance only after the extinction of most crocodile-line reptiles and other groups.

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Section: Early Dinosaur-bearing Formationssupporting

confidence: 51%

Section: Late Triassic Theropods -Fossil Record and Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Evolutionary Radiation Of Dinosaurs: Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Late Triassic Theropods -Fossil Record and Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The origin and early radiation of dinosaurs

Brusatte

Nesbitt

Irmis

et al. 2010

Earth-Science Reviews

240

214

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Fortunately, several key developments over the past decade now allow researchers to examine the evolutionary radiation of archosaurs in unprecedented detail. Important new fossils have been discovered across the globe, including specimens from previously undersampled intervals (Gower 1999;Nesbitt 2003;Sen 2005;Jalil & Peyer 2007;Dzik et al 2008; and specimens belonging to entirely new, morphologically distinctive archosaur subgroups (Dzik 2003;Parker et al 2005;Nesbitt & Norell 2006;Li et al 2006). Other significant fossils, long neglected or ignored, have been the subject of detailed morphological descriptions and reassessments (Benton 1999;Benton & Walker 2002;Gebauer 2004;Nesbitt et al 2007;Weinbaum & Hungerbü hler 2007;Brusatte et al 2009).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Macroevolutionary patterns in the evolutionary radiation of archosaurs (Tetrapoda: Diapsida)

Brusatte

Benton

Lloyd

et al. 2010

Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Socie

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The rise of archosaurs during the Triassic and Early Jurassic has been treated as a classic example of an evolutionary radiation in the fossil record. This paper reviews published studies and provides new data on archosaur lineage origination, diversity and lineage evolution, morphological disparity, rates of morphological character change, and faunal abundance during the Triassic-Early Jurassic. The fundamental archosaur lineages originated early in the Triassic, in concert with the highest rates of character change. Disparity and diversity peaked later, during the Norian, but the most significant increase in disparity occurred before maximum diversity. Archosaurs were rare components of Early-Middle Triassic faunas, but were more abundant in the Late Triassic and pre-eminent globally by the Early Jurassic. The archosaur radiation was a drawn-out event and major components such as diversity and abundance were discordant from each other. Crurotarsans (crocodile-line archosaurs) were more disparate, diverse, and abundant than avemetatarsalians (bird-line archosaurs, including dinosaurs) during the Late Triassic, but these roles were reversed in the Early Jurassic. There is no strong evidence that dinosaurs outcompeted or gradually eclipsed crurotarsans during the Late Triassic. Instead, crurotarsan diversity decreased precipitously by the end-Triassic extinction, which helped usher in the age of dinosaurian dominance.

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The Anatomy of Asilisaurus kongwe, a Dinosauriform from the Lifua Member of the Manda Beds (~Middle Triassic) of Africa

Nesbitt

Langer

Ezcurra

2019

The Anatomical Record

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The diagnosis of Dinosauria and interrelationships of the earliest dinosaurs relies on careful documentation of the anatomy of their closest relatives. These close relatives, or dinosaur “precursors,” are typically only documented by a handful of fossils from across Pangea and nearly all specimens are typically missing important regions (e.g., forelimbs, pelves, skulls) that appear to be important to help resolving the relationships of dinosaurs. Here, we fully describe the known skeletal elements of Asilisaurus kongwe, a dinosauriform from the Middle Triassic Manda Beds of the Ruhuhu Basin of Tanzania. The taxon is known from many disarticulated and partially articulated remains and, most importantly, from a spectacularly preserved associated skeleton of an individual containing much of the skull, pectoral and pelvic girdles, forelimb and hindlimb, and parts of the vertebral column including much of the tail. The unprecedented detail of the anatomy indicates that Asilisaurus kongwe had a unique skull that was short and had both a premaxillary and dentary edentulous margin, but retained a number of character states plesiomorphic for Archosauria, including a crocodylian‐like ankle configuration and a rather short foot with well‐developed metatarsals I and V. Additionally, character states present across the skeleton of Asilisaurus kongwe suggest it is more closely related to Silesaurus opolensis than to dinosaurs; thus suggesting high homoplasy and parallel trends within Silesauridae and within lineages of early dinosaurs. The anatomy of Asilisaurus kongwe and detailed description of early members of clades found outside Dinosauria are clearly needed to untangle the seemingly complex character evolution of the skeleton within avemetatarsalians. Anat Rec, 303:813–873, 2020. © 2019 American Association for Anatomy

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A Dicynodont-Theropod Association in the Latest Triassic of Poland

Cited by 102 publications

References 22 publications

The origin and early radiation of dinosaurs

The origin and early radiation of dinosaurs

Macroevolutionary patterns in the evolutionary radiation of archosaurs (Tetrapoda: Diapsida)

The Anatomy of Asilisaurus kongwe, a Dinosauriform from the Lifua Member of the Manda Beds (~Middle Triassic) of Africa

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