A Dictionary of Epidemiology

Last, John M.

doi:10.1093/ije/15.2.277

Cited by 206 publications

(339 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

292

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Thus only a limited proportion of the overall occurrence ofN. meningitidis B 15 carriage among children could be related to maternal carriage of this strain, with a 'population attributable fraction' of 18% (20/894-16/871)/(20/894) (population attributable fraction [15] is the proportion of the diseased, here carriers among children, that is attributable to a certain factor of interest, here having a mother that is also carrier; the term implies that the observed statistical association reflects causality which need not be the case). Unfortunately, it was not possible to make a similar analysis for other family members, like the father.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharyngeal carriage of Neisseria meningitidis and Neisseria lactamica in households with infants within areas with high and low incidences of meningococcal disease

et al. 1991

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARYIn a household survey in the Faroe Islands, an isolated community with hyperendemic occurrence of meningococcal disease due to serogroup B 15, 1604 persons were examined for pharyngeal carriage of Neisseria meningitidis and N. lactamica. Two areas were chosen having experienced high (HIA), and two having experienced low incidences (LIA) of disease. Living in HIA compared with LIA was associated with higher risk of N. meningitidis B 15 carriage and lower risk of N. lactamica carriage, with odds ratios of 2 7 (95 % confidence interval (CI) 1P4-5 1, P = 0 003) and 0 41 (95 % CI 0 31-0{53, P < 0 0001), respectively. In HIA the risk of N. meningitidis carriage was much lower in non-carriers than carriers of N. lactamica, with an odds ratio of 0 19 (95 % CI 0-08-0A47, P = 0 0003); in LIA this association (odds ratio 0 51, P = 0 05) was much weaker. Children 0-14 years had substantially higher risk of being carriers of N. meningitidis group B 15 if the mothers were so, with an odds ratio of 11 (95% CI 4-29, P < 00001).

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharyngeal carriage of Neisseria meningitidis and Neisseria lactamica in households with infants within areas with high and low incidences of meningococcal disease

et al. 1991

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Poisson regression of rates, using person-time denominators, also accounts for different times at risk or lengths of followup, but not as effectively as Cox regression. Both the rate ratio [15] and the hazard ratio [20] are estimates of relative risk. Exact Poisson regression is not subject to overfitting.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Higher Frequency of Reoperation With a New Bicruciate-retaining Total Knee Arthroplasty

Christensen

Stoddard

Anderson

et al. 2017

Clinical Orthopaedics &Amp; Related Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background With as many as 25% of patients reporting residual knee symptoms after primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA), alternative implant designs and surgical techniques have been proposed to further reduce these symptoms. There is growing evidence that retention of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) results in more natural knee kinematics; thus, implants with more normal joint mechanics could provide improved physical function postoperatively and reduce the amount of residual symptoms. Advancements in the bicruciate-retaining (BCR) TKA implant design have been made, and based on these, we wished to compare the BCR with a more traditional cruciate-retaining (CR) implant. Questions/purposes (1) Was there a difference in the risk of reoperation after primary TKA between BCR and CR implant designs? (2) Was there a difference in the radiographic findings of radiolucent lines (RLLs) between the implant designs? (3) Was there a difference in patient-reported and clinical outcomes between the two implant designs? Methods Between January 2013 and May 2014, two surgeons performed 475 primary TKAs. During this time, 78 (16%) of these were performed with BCR implants and 294 (62%) with CR implants; the remainder were performed with anterior-stabilized or more constrained designs as a result of increased deformity and/or ligamentous deficiencies. During this period, the general indications for BCR TKA were arthritic knees with only slight to moderate deformity and sufficient ligamentous integrity of both the ACL and posterior cruciate ligament. The indications for CR TKA were similar other than these patients presented with a deficient ACL. A total of 66 (85%) of the BCR and 237 (81%) of the CR TKAs were available for followup at a minimum of 12 months or when reoperation occurred before 12 months (mean, 18 months; range, 2-32 months). With the numbers available, there were no differences between the groups in terms of age and sex, but the patients undergoing CR TKA had a greater mean body mass index (33 ± 7 versus 31 ± 5 kg/m 2 , p = 0.032). The frequency of early reoperation was compared between the groups as were radiographic evidence of RLL, patient-reported outcomes, and knee range of motion (ROM).

show abstract

“…Its main purpose is to detect changes in trend or distribution in order to initiate investigative or control measures". 92,96 A population survey is different because it usually involves a representative sample, which makes it possible to generate true rates. Both types of health data are necessary for designing, implementing and evaluating public health prevention programs.…”

Section: Injury Surveillancementioning

confidence: 99%

Child injuries in Bergen, Norway

Brudvik

2000

Injury

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A Dictionary of Epidemiology

Cited by 206 publications

References 0 publications

Pharyngeal carriage of Neisseria meningitidis and Neisseria lactamica in households with infants within areas with high and low incidences of meningococcal disease

Pharyngeal carriage of Neisseria meningitidis and Neisseria lactamica in households with infants within areas with high and low incidences of meningococcal disease

Higher Frequency of Reoperation With a New Bicruciate-retaining Total Knee Arthroplasty

Child injuries in Bergen, Norway

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About