“…4,[7][8][9] This lack of plasticity followed by the catastrophic fracture limits the use of the BGAs in new structural applications. Therefore, great efforts have been made to improve the plastic deformation ability of many types of BGAs and the compressive ductility has been improved to a large extent by promoting multiple shear bands in Zr-, 10,11) Cu-, [12][13][14] Ni-, 15,16) Ti-, 17,18) Mg-, 19) and Pd-based 20) BGA composites containing second dendrite or particle phases, or fine pore phase in the BGA matrices. However, improvements in ductility of the Fe-based BGAs, which have higher strength than the non-ferrous alloys, have not been achieved yet.…”