A detailed magnetic record of Pleistocene climate and distal ash dispersal during the last 800 kyrs - The Suhia Kladenetz quarry loess-paleosol sequence near Pleven (Bulgaria)

Environmental changes in southeastern Europe over the last 450 ka: Magnetic and pedologic study of a loess-paleosol profile from Kaolinovo (Bulgaria)

“…7c) occurs at the depth interval of the identified cryptotephra layer in L 2 loess. Its stratigraphic position above the dated L 2 interval (pIRIR 290 age of 167 ± 7 ka, Balescu et al, 2020) is consistent with the widely observed (crypto)tephra layer in the second loess horizon in loess-paleosol profiles from Central and Eastern Europe (Markovi c et al, 2015;Antoine et al, 2019;Jordanova et al, 2022). This observation of significantly different hydroclimatic regimes in the region between early (before ca.…”

“…Similarly, Panaiotu et al (2001) and Balescu et al (2010) report the presence of tephra layer in the second loess L 2 at Mostistea loess-paleosol profile. On Bulgarian territory, a visible tephra layer in L 2 was detected only in Suchia kladenetz quarry near Pleven (Jordanova et al, 2022), while at Harletz (Antoine et al, 2019) as well as at Kaolinovo (the present study) it is only identified as cryptotephra layer due to the larger distance to major volcanic provinces from the Mediterranean basin (Fig. 1a).…”

“…Magnetic hysteresis loops and back field remanence measurements were carried out for every second depth interval (number of (Jordanova et al, 2008), 3 e Tuzla (Balescu et al, 2003); 4 e Mostistea (Panaiotu et al, 2001); 5 Zimnicea (Radan, 2012); 6 e Pleven (Jordanova et al, 2022); 7 eHarletz (Antoine et al, 2019); 8) Stari Slankamen (Song et al, 2018).…”

“…These particular features are not related to measurements' uncertainties but are reflected in different magnetic parameters (c, ARM, IRM and the ratios ARM/IRM 100mT as well as c/M s ). Recent detailed study on loess-paleosol sequence from central north Bulgaria (Jordanova et al, 2022) revealed that depth variations of anhysteretic remanence (ARM) (resp. anhysteretic susceptibility c arm ) is the most sensitive magnetic parameter with respect to identification of tephra additions into loess material.…”

Multi-method study of the Middle Pleistocene loess–palaeosol sequence of Köndringen, SW Germany

“…Many Middle Pleistocene LPSs still lack stateof-the-art chronologies for individual loess and soil units, although palaeomagnetism and tephra stratigraphy are being applied where time intervals and material are present (e.g. Jordanova et al, 2022;Laag et al, 2021;Marković et al, 2015). TL ages from pre-Eemian (MIS 6 and older) loess elaborated during the 1980s to 1990s provide first approximations to the Middle Pleistocene loess chronology, though with large uncertainties (Zöller et al, 1988;Frechen et al, 1992;Frechen, 1994).…”