A descriptive multi-attribute utility model for everyday decisions

Weiss, Jie W; Weiss, David J.; Edwards, Ward

doi:10.1007/s11238-009-9155-1

Cited by 15 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…34,35 The women’s pretest survey also included questions about past Pap testing and decision making, and the posttest survey asked about future Pap testing intention. 36 Questions concerning Pap tests included the following: when was their last Pap test, who may have recommended that they receive the test, and the main reason why they had the test. The women’s and men’s follow-up surveys also included questions on Pap testing for women, provision of social support for men, and exposure to the intervention or control information for both women and men.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

CBPR-Informed Recruitment and Retention Adaptations in a Randomized Study of Pap Testing Among Pacific Islanders in Southern California

Tanjasiri¹,

Weiss²,

Santos³

et al. 2015

cpr

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Background Pacific Islanders (PIs) experience high cervical cancer rates in the United States. Stage of diagnosis is also later for PIs than non-Hispanic Whites. The Pap test is severely underutilized among PIs: only 71% of Asian American and Pacific Islander women age 25 years or older received a Pap test within the last 3 years (U.S. average, 82%). Community-based participatory research (CBPR) is increasingly seen as an essential approach in designing and conducting culturally relevant and appropriate studies that reduce cancer incidence and other health disparities among minority and other medically underserved populations. Purpose The purpose of this article is to describe the lessons learned thus far regarding the identification, recruitment, and retention of PI community organizations and members into a CBPR-informed, randomized, community trial promoting Pap testing. Methods This 5-year study used CBPR to develop and test the efficacy of a social support intervention for Chamorro, Samoan, and Tongan women to increase Pap testing in southern California. Eligible women were between the ages of 21 and 65, and married or in a long-term relationship with a man for at least 5 years. Women and their husbands or significant others received a 2-hour, culturally tailored workshop that include a group activity, information on Pap testing, a video, and corresponding materials. Comparison participants received a brochure about Pap testing. Three waves of data are collected from all participants: pretest (before workshop or brochure), posttest 1 (immediately after workshop or brochure), and posttest 2 (6 months follow-up). Results Of the 76 organizations approached to participate in the study, 67 (88.2%) eventually agreed to participate. Thus far, 473 women and 419 men completed the study pretest, post-test, education, and 6-month follow-up. Only 242 women and 204 men of the eligible participants have completed the follow-up survey (63.5% of women and 60.5% of men retained after 6 months). Lessons Learned The main strategy to overcome initial recruitment challenges was study staff persistence, because they averaged five contacts with each church or clan leader before receiving confirmation that an educational session can be scheduled. Personal connections provided an introduction to the most appropriate church or clan leader. Other efforts for retention include creation of an online version of the survey, re-attending church services, and creating special events organized around clan activities. Conclusions Although CBPR improves the cultural competence and relevance of study activities for ethnically diverse populations, selected past research shows that it does not ensure that such designs overcome all of the unique challenges in ethnically diverse communities. PI-specific organizational recruitment and individual retention is influenced by study issues and cultural factors in each community.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

CBPR-Informed Recruitment and Retention Adaptations in a Randomized Study of Pap Testing Among Pacific Islanders in Southern California

Tanjasiri¹,

Weiss²,

Santos³

et al. 2015

cpr

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“…The MAU model is an established, theoretically grounded approach to economic decision making that allows the combination of multidimensional measures of outcome into a single outcome [36]. Key to the development of the MAU instrument is that the individual measures of outcome are measurable by a common standard.…”

Section: An Alternative Conceptual Framework For Instrument Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

A framework for understanding quality of life in individuals without capacity

2013

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PurposeThe wide range of tools and methods developed for measuring and valuing health-related quality of life for use in economic evaluations are appropriate for use in most populations. However, for certain populations, specific tools may need to be developed to reflect the particular needs of that population. Patients without capacity—particularly patients with severe dementia—are such a population. At present, the tools available to economists for measuring and valuing quality of life in these patients lack validity. Here, we seek to understand the framework within which common instruments have been developed, critique these instruments with respect to patients with severely restricted capacity and to develop a new way of thinking about how to value health-related quality of life in such patients. MethodIn this essay, we describe and critique the conceptual framework by which common instruments used for measuring and valuing quality of life have been developed.ResultsWe show that current common instruments used for measuring and valuing quality of life in general populations are not appropriate for populations with severely restricted capacity.ConclusionsWe propose a new framework for thinking about quality of life in this population, based on notions of observable person-centred outcomes and utility derived from processes of care.

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“…Some consequences may happen immediately, others in the future. According to the “descriptive multi-attribute utility model” (Weiss, Weiss, & Edwards, 2009, 2010), such choices are determined by evaluating the decision options and choosing the one with the highest utility. The descriptive model thus incorporates the optimization goal of the classical subjective expected utility model, but departs by incorporating an additional parameter.…”

Section: A Model-inspired Definition Of Rationalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Algebraic models are always paramorphic (Hoffman, 1960); we do not presume actual calculations take place while a person decides what to do. We do think there is an inbuilt mechanism, provided via evolution to humans and other animals, that in effect multiplies experientially generated parameters, then sums products to yield expectancies (Weiss, Weiss, and Edwards, 2010). The computations are no more available to awareness, and are no more complex, than are the trigonometric calculations by which these organisms locate objects in space.…”

Section: The Hierarchical Descriptive Multi-attribute Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%