A defined system to allow skeletal muscle differentiation and subsequent integration with silicon microstructures

Temporal neurotransmitter conditioning restores the functional activity of adult spinal cord neurons in long-term culture

“…The XPS survey scans, as well as highresolution N 1s and C 1s scans, using monochromatic Al Kα excitation, were obtained similar to the previously reported results (Das et al, 2005;Ravenscroft et al, 1998;Das et al, 2006;Das et al, 2003;.…”

Current opportunities and challenges in skeletal muscle tissue engineering

“…Therefore, frequently cell lines are used such as C2C12, which are satellite cells of C3H mice (Dennis et al, 2001;Borschel et al, 2004;Levenberg et al, 2005;Riboldi et al, 2005;Huang et al, 2006a;Boontheekul et al, 2007;Matsumoto et al, 2007). Also, satellite cells harvested from the soleus muscle of rats are used for TE of muscle tissue (Dennis and Kosnik, 2000;Beier et al, 2004;Stern-Straeter et al, 2005;Das et al, 2006;Borschel et al, 2006;Larkin et al, 2006;Bach et al, 2006;Huang et al, 2006b;Boontheekul et al, 2007). Other muscles harvested for TE research include the latissimus dorsi and rectus femoris of rats (Kamelger et al, 2004), the flexor digitorum brevis of rats (De Coppi et al, 2005), the tibialis anterior of rats (Dennis et al, 2001;Huang et al, 2005;Boontheekul et al, 2007), the extensor digitorum longus of mice (Dennis et al, 2001), the human masseter (Lewis et al, 2000;Sinanan et al, 2004;Shah et al, 2005;Stern-Straeter et al, 2008;Brady et al, 2008a) and brachioradialis (Alessandri et al, 2004) and the iliofibularis from female Xenopus laevis frogs (Jaspers et al, 2006) (Table 2).…”

“…Although several studies have addressed the development of an optimal non-biodegradable scaffold, such as Shah et al, 2005Sinanan et al, 2004Stern-Straeter et al, 2008Alessandri et al, 2004 Human Brachioradialis muscle Satellite cell Lewis et al, 2000 C3H mice C2C12 Cell line Borschel et al, 2004Dennis et al, 2000Huang et al, 2005Levenberg et al, 2005Riboldi et al, 2005Boontheekul et al, 2007Borschel et al, 2004 Rat Soleus muscle Satellite cell Larkin et al, 2006Dennis et al, 2000Huang et al, 2005Das et al, 2006Beier et al, 2004Bach et al, 2003Stern-Staeter et al, 2008Boontheekul et al, 2007Huang et al, 2005 Rat Tibialis anterior muscle Satellite cell Dennis et al, 2000Boontheekul et al, 2007Kamelger et al, 2004 Rat Latissimus dorsi muscle Satellite cell Kamelger et al, 2004 Rat phosphate-based glass (Shah et al, 2005), biodegradable scaffolds are preferred because, upon degradation, remodelling to the natural muscular ECM can occur. Both synthetic and natural scaffolds have been developed.…”

Differentiation of skeletal muscle and integration of myotubes with silicon microstructures using serum-free medium and a synthetic silane substrate

“…The myotubes can now be immunostained for a-actin (option A) or embryonic myosin heavy chain antibody 5,7 (option B) or characterized using electrophysiology (option C). for 2 h. (vii) After incubating in the secondary antibody for 2 h, the coverslips are finally rinsed with PBS and then the coverslips with Citiflour-mounting solution onto slides are mounted.…”

“…The presence of many unknown components in serum-containing medium and the technical difficulties in creating reproducible biological substrates has led to extensive variations in the results from experiment to experiment. In order to remove the inherent drawback of utilizing serum-containing medium and biological substrates, a defined culture system consisting of a serum-free medium based on the extensive knowledge of growth factors from in vivo studies and a synthetic silane substrate to study skeletal muscle differentiation was developed 7 .…”