A dangerous measles future looms beyond the COVID-19 pandemic

Dürrheim, David N; Andrus, Jon Kim; Tabassum, Shahina; Bashour, Hyam; Githanga, David; Pfaff, G.

doi:10.1038/s41591-021-01237-5

Cited by 71 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…These results may indicate that B3's H gene is not under strong selection pressure, and is becoming increasingly conservative. Finally, although the control measures to prevent COVID-19 (such as travel restrictions, physical distancing, and wearing masks) have reduced the spread of MeV, measles vaccinations and surveillance have also been delayed [51]. In the future, we should pay more attention to the effect of COVID-19 on measles, and MeV H-gene sequencing or whole-genome sequencing should be strengthened in measles surveillance for a better evaluation of molecular characterizations of MeV.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Characterizations and Molecular Evolution of the Measles Virus Genotype B3’s Hemagglutinin (H) Gene in the Elimination Era

Zhou

Huang

et al. 2021

Viruses

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Measles virus (MeV) genotype B3 is one globally significant circulating genotype. Here, we present a systematic description of long-term evolutionary characterizations of the MeV genotype B3’s hemagglutinin (H) gene in the elimination era. Our results show that the B3 H gene can be divided into two main sub-genotypes, and the highest intra-genotypic diversity was observed in 2004. MeV genotype B3’s H gene diverged in 1976; its overall nucleotide substitution rate is estimated to be 5.697 × 10−4 substitutions/site/year, and is slowing down. The amino acid substitution rate of genotype B3’s H gene is also decreasing, and the mean effective population size has been in a downward trend since 2000. Selection pressure analysis only recognized a few sites under positive selection, and the number of positive selection sites is getting smaller. All of these observations may reveal that genotype B3’s H gene is not under strong selection pressure, and is becoming increasingly conservative. MeV H-gene or whole-genome sequencing should be routine, so as to better elucidate the molecular epidemiology of MeV in the future.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Characterizations and Molecular Evolution of the Measles Virus Genotype B3’s Hemagglutinin (H) Gene in the Elimination Era

Zhou

Huang

et al. 2021

Viruses

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“…Globally, we have seen the devastating effects of vaccine-preventable disease outbreaks, such as the 130% increase in global measles deaths between 2016 and 2019. 1 The…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parent-level barriers to uptake of childhood vaccination: a global overview of systematic reviews

et al. 2021

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IntroductionUnderstanding barriers to childhood vaccination is crucial to inform effective interventions for maximising uptake. Published systematic reviews include different primary studies, producing varying lists of barriers. To make sense of this diverse body of literature, a comprehensive level of summary and synthesis is necessary. This overview of systematic reviews maps all potential parent-level barriers to childhood vaccination identified in systematic reviews. It synthesises these into a conceptual framework to inform development of a vaccine barriers assessment tool.MethodsWe applied Joanna Briggs methodology, searching the Epistemonikos review database and reference lists of included reviews to June 2020. Systematic reviews of qualitative or quantitative data on parent-level barriers to routine vaccination in preschool-aged children were included. Reviews addressing influenza, reporting non-modifiable determinants or reporting barriers not relevant to parents were excluded. Where possible, we extracted review details, barrier descriptions and the number, setting and design of primary studies. Two authors independently screened search results and inductively coded barrier descriptions.ResultsWe screened 464 papers, identifying 30 relevant reviews with minimal overlap. Fourteen reviews included qualitative and quantitative primary studies, seven included quantitative and seven included qualitative studies only. Two did not report included study designs. Two-thirds of reviews (n=20; 67%) only included primary studies from high-income countries. We extracted 573 barrier descriptions and inductively coded these into 64 unique barriers in six overarching categories: (1) Access, (2) Clinic or Health System Barriers, (3) Concerns and Beliefs, (4) Health Perceptions and Experiences, (5) Knowledge and Information and (6) Social or Family Influence.ConclusionsA global overview of systematic reviews of parent-level barriers to childhood vaccine uptake identified 64 barriers to inform development of a new comprehensive survey instrument. This instrument will assess both access and acceptance barriers to more accurately diagnose the reasons for under-vaccination in children in different settings.

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“…Therefore, to prevent a new and deadly challenge among children, especially among poor countries that are major victims of COVID-19 (Durrheim et al, 2021[ 3 ]), the following measures are recommended:…”

Section: ⁯⁯mentioning

confidence: 99%

Decreased vaccination coverage and recurrence risk of measles due to COVID-19 pandemic

Mazidimoradi

Salehiniya

2021

EXCLI Journal; 20:Doc1367; ISSN 1611-2156

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A dangerous measles future looms beyond the COVID-19 pandemic

Cited by 71 publications

References 5 publications

Genetic Characterizations and Molecular Evolution of the Measles Virus Genotype B3’s Hemagglutinin (H) Gene in the Elimination Era

Genetic Characterizations and Molecular Evolution of the Measles Virus Genotype B3’s Hemagglutinin (H) Gene in the Elimination Era

Parent-level barriers to uptake of childhood vaccination: a global overview of systematic reviews

Decreased vaccination coverage and recurrence risk of measles due to COVID-19 pandemic

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