A cross-sectional study of the impact of school neighbourhood on children obesity and body composition

Paciência, Inês; Rufo, João Cavaleiro; Mendes, Francisca de Castro; Farraia, Mariana; Cunha, Pedro; Silva, Diana; Delgado, Luís; Padrão, Patrícia; Moreira, Pedro; Moreira, André

doi:10.1007/s00431-020-03798-y

Cited by 14 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…The precise mechanisms through which the neighbourhood influences childhood development have not been clarified [38] nor have sufficient evidence been provided on the effectiveness of interventions [4]. Nonetheless, there are many recommendations on policies and environmental interventions [5,11,29,41] including school environments [28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neighbourhood deprivation and obesity among 5656 pre-school children—findings from mandatory school enrollment examinations

et al. 2021

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The risk of child obesity is strongly related to socioeconomic factors such as individual socioeconomic position (SEP) and neighbourhood deprivation. The present study analyses whether the relationship between neighbourhood deprivation and child obesity differs by child’s individual SEP. Data from 5656 children (5–7 years) from the mandatory school enrollment examinations of the pre-school cohorts 2017/2018 in Düsseldorf were analysed. Obesity was determined by the age- and gender-specific body mass index (BMI); neighbourhood deprivation by using the socio-spatial degree of deprivation of the children’s residential addresses; and individual SEP by the level of parental education. Using Poisson regression, we estimated prevalence ratios (PR with 95% confidence interval (CI)) of child obesity by neighbourhood deprivation and parental education. Interactions between neighbourhood deprivation and parental education were tested. The prevalence of child obesity increases with the degree of neighbourhood deprivation. Compared to children living in low deprivation neighbourhoods, the proportion of obese children was twice as high in high deprivation neighbourhoods (PR=2.02; CI=1.46–2.78). Likewise, children from families with medium and low education have twice the risk for obesity compared to children with high parental education (PR=2.05; CI=1.46–2.78). The relationship between neighbourhood deprivation and child obesity was significantly moderated by parental education; it was stronger for higher parental education than for medium and low parental education (p<.001).Conclusion: Our findings suggest that children from deprived neighbourhoods and families with lower education have a higher risk for child obesity. The identification of particularly deprived neighbourhoods with structural interventions in combination with the strengthening of parental health literacy seems reasonable. What is Known:• Studies show that children from disadvantaged neighbourhoods are more frequently obese. What is New:• The relationship between neighbourhood deprivation and child obesity is significantly moderated by parental education. It is stronger for children with higher parental education than for children with medium and low parental education.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neighbourhood deprivation and obesity among 5656 pre-school children—findings from mandatory school enrollment examinations

et al. 2021

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“…Lastly, the neighborhood, and the schools' neighborhoods, represents another important environmental factor determining either individual behavior or child nutritional status [46]. The presence of green urban areas around schools could positively influence BMI and body fat percentage in children [47]. To this aim, approaches ensuring environmental integrity and public health should be developed, shaping food habits and lifestyle toward more sustainable choices from early life, when the possibility of a successful intervention is greater.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health and Sustainable Nutritional Choices from Childhood: Dietary Pattern and Social Models

et al. 2022

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Background: The role of diet in the pediatric age for optimal development, achievement, and maintenance of a healthy status is well recognized. Increasing attention is nowadays also paid to reducing the burden of human nutrition on the planet’s health for present and future generations. Summary: Beyond environmental sustainability, the transition to diets rich in animal and processed foods contributes to an overall unhealthy nutritional status leading to an increased prevalence of obesity- and diet-related noncommunicable diseases. Childhood overweight and obesity are a growing public health crisis worldwide. The aim of this narrative review was to summarize evidence of the nutritional status and dietary habits in children and the link with environmental sustainability. Key Message: Optimizing nutrition in infancy and establishing healthy lifestyles from the preschool years might help to reduce the risk of overweight, and all the disorders related, respecting the sustainability dimension.

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“…En este caso solo los niños muestran una correlación negativa entre las variables, aunque tampoco es estadísticamente significativo. Difiere con los autores que si muestran relación entre obesidad infantil y distancias con parques, evidenciando éstos, menores tasas de obesidad infantil en niños que habitan cerca de parques (Mears et al, 2020;Miller et al, 2020;Paciência et al, 2021;Petraviciene et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Los niños tienen requisitos de AV diferentes a los de adultos, y estos varían según la edad y el género (Mears et al, 2020). La distancia se presenta como un aspecto positivo o negativo, siendo dependiente de otras variables, altas tasas de acceso o una buena calidad del espacio verde a menos de 300 m de la casa, está asociado con tasas más bajas de obesidad, un mejor acceso a parques y/o AV, pueden aumentar el juego al aire libre más frecuente (Gose et al, 2013;Mears et al, 2020), la proximidad de un parque muestra una fuerte e importante asociación negativa contra la prevalencia de la obesidad, niños cuya residencia era mayor a 1 km de distancia de las AV, estaban en mayor riesgo de sobrepeso y obesidad, fortaleciéndose el efecto de no tener AV cercanas (Hee et al, 2019;Manandhar et al, 2019) y no solo en los hogares, también la cercanía de estos espacios a los establecimientos educacionales, ya que los niños con AV urbanas alrededor de las escuelas, muestran tendencia a valores más bajos de IMC (Paciência et al, 2021). Los indicadores del entorno del AV deben centrarse en los espacios más cercanos a los hogares, debido a la interdependencia de los niños y niñas (Mears et al, 2020), esta última investigación nos entrega antecedentes para analizar la autonomía por parte de los niños y niñas de realizar AF en estos lugares sin el acompañamiento de los tutores, que se presenta como un impedimento para promover el movimiento entre niños y niñas.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Áreas Verdes Públicas Y Prevalencia De Obesidad Infantil: El Caso De Las Comunas Del Gran Concepción

Mayorga¹

2022

REVGYAP

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ResumenLa obesidad infantil es un problema de salud pública con causas multifactoriales, en ella influyen entre otras variables las áreas verdes (AV), principalmente por cómo estos espacios promueven la actividad física (AF). En esta investigación, el objetivo fue analizar el vínculo entre obesidad infantil y áreas verdes públicas en las comunas del gran Concepción. La metodología utilizada fue con enfoque cuantitativo, de alcance descriptivocorrelacional, diseño no experimental, de tipo transversal y retrospectivo. Los sujetos de estudio fueron niñas y niños de 4 a 6 años de las comunas del gran Concepción, que estudian en establecimientos educacionales que reciben subvención del Estado, el marco muestral no probabilístico alcanzó a 29.662 sujetos. Los datos de obesidad fueron obtenidos desde el mapa nutricional de la Junta Nacional de Auxilio Escolar y Becas (JUNAEB) 2019, y los datos de áreas verdes públicas fueron desde el Sistema de Indicadores y Estándares de Desarrollo Urbano (SIEDU) 2019. La evidencia muestra influencia de las áreas verdes públicas en la obesidad infantil, así como también la distancia, entorno circundante, equipamiento y tamaño de estos lugares. Chile, otros estados y organismos internacionales han mostrado preocupación por este problema público, promoviendo una serie de políticas, planes y programas para solucionarlo. Los resultados muestran que no existe mayor vínculo entre la prevalencia de obesidad infantil y las áreas verdes públicas en las comunas del Gran Concepción. De igual forma se nos invita a abrir espacio a planes de mejora en la estrategia de control y prevención de la obesidad infantil.

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A cross-sectional study of the impact of school neighbourhood on children obesity and body composition

Cited by 14 publications

References 66 publications

Neighbourhood deprivation and obesity among 5656 pre-school children—findings from mandatory school enrollment examinations

Neighbourhood deprivation and obesity among 5656 pre-school children—findings from mandatory school enrollment examinations

Health and Sustainable Nutritional Choices from Childhood: Dietary Pattern and Social Models

Áreas Verdes Públicas Y Prevalencia De Obesidad Infantil: El Caso De Las Comunas Del Gran Concepción

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