A critical review on emerging photocatalysts for syngas generation via CO₂ reduction under aqueous media: a sustainable paradigm

Abstract

In a holistic view, global energy generally depends on burning fossil fuels which intensify the worldwide energy crisis and level of CO2 in the atmosphere. The undesirable CO2 level in...

Inorganic nanoparticles: A review on method and material for fabrication

“…31 As a result of their use in applications such as catalysis, photocatalysis, dye photodegradation, and imaging applications, these NPs are attracting a lot of attention from researchers. 33…”

A Ni3V2O8@g-CN nanocomposite-based p-n heterojunction: mechanistic insights into photocatalytic activation of the inert C(sp3)–H bond

“…Recently, carbon nitride (g-CN) became the rising star among the various visible light active photocatalysts due to its easy synthesis and high stability. [21][22][23][24][25] Moreover, the mild oxidising ability (less positive valence band) of g-CN makes it a prime candidate for selective C(sp 3 )-H activation, where most of the above discussed metal oxide based photocatalytic systems oen lead to unselective oxidation. However, pristine g-CN suffers from a rapid charge recombination rate, which kept this C-H activation approach using g-CN in its infancy.…”

Regulating CO and H2 Ratios in Syngas Produced from Photocatalytic CO2/H2O Reduction by Cu and Co Dual Active Centers on Carbon Nitride Hollow Nanospheres

“…Among these products, syngas, composed of CO and H 2 , is particularly attractive, since it is a crucial raw material for generating higher alkanes, methanol, olefins, ammonia, and other energy fuels. Photocatalytic technology provides a green and rational pathway for generating syngas, which has significant application prospects, as it avoids the drawbacks of traditional industrial methods that have harsh conditions (high temperature/high pressure), high energy consumption, and require noble metal catalysts. Currently, countless photocatalytic materials, including carbon nitride, transition metal compounds, carbon materials, organic polymers, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), and covalent organic frameworks (COFs), have been reported, and numerous modification methods, such as heterojunction construction, cocatalyst loading, molecular catalyst grafting, and defect introduction, have been developed. , The syngas used to produce different derivatives or fuels varies in the H 2 /CO composition .…”