A critical review of approaches and limitations of inhalation bioavailability and bioaccessibility of metal(loid)s from ambient particulate matter or dust

Kastury, Farzana; Smith, Euan; Juhasz, Albert L.

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.09.056

Cited by 185 publications

(154 citation statements)

References 129 publications

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“…Among the chemical components relevant for aerosol health effects, airborne heavy metals (a very imprecise term without authoritative definition; John, 2002, loosely referring to elements with atomic density greater than 4.5 g cm −3 ; Streit, 1991) are of particular concern as they typically feature unique properties of bioavailability and bioaccumulation (Morman and Plumlee, 2013;Tchounwou et al, 2012;Fergusson, 1990;Kastury et al, 2017), representing 7 of the 30 hazardous air pollutants identified by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in terms of posing the greatest potential health threat in urban areas (see https://www.epa. gov/urban-air-toxics/urban-air-toxic-pollutants; last access: 1 August 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First long-term and near real-time measurement of trace elements in China's urban atmosphere: temporal variability, source apportionment and precipitation effect

et al. 2018

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Abstract. Atmospheric trace elements, especially metal species, are an emerging environmental and health concern with insufficient understanding of their levels and sources in Shanghai, the most important industrial megacity in China.Here we continuously performed a 1 year (from March 2016 to February 2017) and hourly resolved measurement of 18 elements in fine particles (PM 2.5 ) at the Shanghai urban center with an Xact multi-metals monitor and several collocated instruments. Mass concentrations (mean ± 1σ ; ng m −3 ) determined by Xact ranged from detection limits (nominally 0.1 to 20 ng m −3 ) to 15 µg m −3 . Element-related oxidized species comprised an appreciable fraction of PM 2.5 during all seasons, accounting for 8.3 % on average. As a comparison, the atmospheric elements concentration level in Shanghai was comparable with that in other industrialized cities in East Asia but 1 or 2 orders of magnitude higher than at sites in North America and Europe. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) was applied to identify and apportion the sources of the elements in the PM 2.5 mass. Five different factors were resolved (notable elements and relative contribution in parentheses): traffic-related (Ca, Fe, Ba, Si; 46 %), shipping (V, Ni; 6 %), nonferrous metal smelting (Ag, Cd, Au; 15 %), coal combustion (As, Se, Hg, Pb; 18 %) and ferrous metal smelting (Cr, Mn, Zn; 15 %). The contribution from the exhaust and non-exhaust vehicle emissions, i.e., the traffic-related factor shows a strong bimodal diurnal profile with average concentration over 2 times higher during the rush hour than during nighttime. The shipping factor was firmly identified because V and Ni, two recognized tracers of shipping emissions, are almost exclusively transported from the East China Sea and their ratio (around 3.2) falls within the variation range of V / Ni ratios in particles emitted from heavy oil combustion. Interestingly, nearly half of the K was derived from coal combustion with high mineral affinity (elements associated with aluminosilicates, carbonates and other minerals in coal ash). The contributions of nonferrous metal smelting to the trace elements are consistent with a newly developed emission inventory. Although the precipitation scavenging effect on the mass concentration of the trace elements varied among different species and sources, precipiPublished by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. 11794Y. Chang et al.: First long-term and near real-time measurement of trace elements tation could effectively lower the concentration of the trafficand coal combustion-related trace elements. Therefore, water spray to simulate natural types of precipitation could be one of the abatement strategies to facilitate the reduction of ambient PM 2.5 trace elements in the urban atmosphere. Collectively, our findings in this study provide baseline levels and sources of trace elements with high detail, which are needed for developing effective control strategies to reduce the high risk of acute exposure to atmospheri...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First long-term and near real-time measurement of trace elements in China's urban atmosphere: temporal variability, source apportionment and precipitation effect

et al. 2018

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“…The risk-based assessment model advocated by U.S. EPA (Environmental Protection Agency of the United States) has become one of the most widely used screening tools in the human health risk assessment (https://www.epa.gov/risk/humanhealth-risk-assessment). The previous investigations show that the potential health risks of toxic elements in environmental medium via ingestion exposure may be overestimated based on their total contents, because only a fraction of toxic elements in ingested media can be dissolved after contacting with physiological fluids and then may cause adverse effects to human health [4,5]. Therefore, trend in health risk assessment is currently shifting away from total metal(loid) content analyses towards the bioavailable fraction of metal(loid)s that are released from particles after coming into contact with physiological fluids (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…bioavailability). As the evaluation of in vivo bioavailability for toxic elements is complex, time-consuming, expensive, and greatly variable on intra-and inter-species of experimental animals, some simple, economic, rapid, and reproducible in vitro procedures are developed and popular as alternative approaches in exposure assessment to measure bioaccessibility (the soluble fraction in the simulated gastrointestinal or lung physiological fluids) [5]. Recently a variety of in vitro procedures have been developed to estimate the bioaccessibility of toxic elements by using the simulated human body fluids [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As the evaluation of in vivo bioavailability for toxic elements is complex, time-consuming, expensive, and greatly variable on intra-and inter-species of experimental animals, some simple, economic, rapid, and reproducible in vitro procedures are developed and popular as alternative approaches in exposure assessment to measure bioaccessibility (the soluble fraction in the simulated gastrointestinal or lung physiological fluids) [5]. Recently a variety of in vitro procedures have been developed to estimate the bioaccessibility of toxic elements by using the simulated human body fluids [5]. For example, physiologically based extraction test (PBET), the solubility bioaccessibility research consortium (SBRC), unified bioaccessibility research group of Europe (BARGE) method, in vitro gastrointestinal method (IVG), and the German standard bioaccessibility methodology (Deutsches Institut für Normunge.V., DIN) have been widely used to study the in vitro ingestion bioaccessibility of toxic elements in soils and soil-like materials [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, the in vitro bioaccessibility of lead in house dust was analyzed by using SBRC, IVG, PBET, and DIN procedures [9]. Some investigations have also been carried out to assess the inhalation and ingestion bioaccessibility of toxic metals in fine size fractions of soil or dusts by using a simulated lung fluid [5,7]. For example, bioaccessible fraction of heavy metals in airborne PM 10 , PM 2.5 , and PM 1 was evaluated by using artificial lysosomal fluid and Gamble's solution [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In vitro ingestion and inhalation bioaccessibility of soilborne lead, cadmium, arsenic and chromium near a chemical industrial park for health risk assessment

Zhang

Liu

2019

Environmental Pollutants and Bioavailability

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Surface soils were collected near a chemical industrial park in the present study and in vitro inhalation and ingestion bioaccessibility of soilborne lead, cadmium, arsenic and chromium was evaluated using various in vitro bioaccessibility procedures including simulated lung fluid (SLF), artificial lysosomal fluid (ALF), modified Gamble solution (MGS), Solubility/ Bioaccessibility Research Consortium (SBRC) procedure, and in vitro gastrointestinal (IVG) procedure. The in vitro inhalation and ingestion bioaccessibility of toxic elements showed elemental dependence and differed greatly among SBRC, IVG, SLF, ALF and MGS. The noncarcinogenic and lifetime carcinogenic risks of soilborne toxic elements based on the bioaccessible contents via ingestion and inhalation exposure were within the acceptable level. The present study reveals that the in vitro bioaccessibility of toxic elements was influenced greatly by the current in vitro bioaccessibility procedures, which resulted in great differences on the risk-based assessment via inhalation and oral ingestion exposure.

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Road sediment, an underutilized material in environmental science research: A review of perspectives on United States studies with international context

Dietrich

2022

Preprint

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Road sediment is a pervasive environmental medium that acts as both source and sink for a variety of natural and anthropogenic particles and often is enriched in heavy metals. Road sediment is generally understudied in the United States (U.S.) relative to other environmental media and compared to countries such as China and the United Kingdom (U.K.). However, the U.S. is an ideal target for these studies due to the diverse climates and wealth of geo-chemical, socioeconomic, demographic, and health data. This review outlines the existing U.S. road sediment literature while also providing key international perspectives and context. Furthermore, the most comprehensive table of U.S. road sediment studies to date is presented, which includes elemental concentrations , sample size, size fraction, collection and analytical methods, as well as digestion procedure. Overall, there were observed differences in studies by sampling time period for elemental concentrations, but not necessarily by climate in the U.S. Other key concepts addressed in this road sediment review include the processes controlling its distribution, the variety of nomenclature used, an-thropogenic enrichment of heavy metals, electron microscopy, health risk assessments , remediation, and future directions of road sediment investigations. Going forward, it is recommended that studies with a higher geographic diversity are performed that consider smaller cities and rural areas. Furthermore, environmental justice must be a focus as community science studies of road sediment can elucidate pollution issues impacting areas of high need. Finally, this review calls for consistency in sampling, data reporting, and nomenclature to effectively expand work on understudied elements, particles, and background sediments.

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A critical review of approaches and limitations of inhalation bioavailability and bioaccessibility of metal(loid)s from ambient particulate matter or dust

Cited by 185 publications

References 129 publications

First long-term and near real-time measurement of trace elements in China's urban atmosphere: temporal variability, source apportionment and precipitation effect

First long-term and near real-time measurement of trace elements in China's urban atmosphere: temporal variability, source apportionment and precipitation effect

In vitro ingestion and inhalation bioaccessibility of soilborne lead, cadmium, arsenic and chromium near a chemical industrial park for health risk assessment

Road sediment, an underutilized material in environmental science research: A review of perspectives on United States studies with international context

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