A Critical Analysis of Pitting Corrosion★

Greene, N. D.; Fontana, Mars G.

doi:10.5006/0010-9312-15.1.41

Cited by 54 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The tested samples in 0.6 M iodide salt solution manifested no sign to pitting corrosion as these results coincide with that obtained from the cyclic polarization curve of the electrochemical test that shows a negative hysteresis loop in iodide medium and can be shown in Figure 6 (SEM images), with no pits can be noticeable for both alloys after the corrosion test, which agreed with that among halide types F − and I − did not exhibit a pitting corrosion tendency [22], which implies the formation of thickened passive film on the alloys surfaces preventing it from pitting attack.…”

Section: Morphology Of Pitted Surfacessupporting

confidence: 77%

Comparison of Aggressiveness Behavior of Chloride and Iodide Solutions on 304 and 304L Stainless Steel Alloys

Salih¹,

Shakir²,

Al-Sammarraie³

2017

MSA

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The aggressive effect of chloride anion in comparison to iodide anion on the pitting corrosion attack of 304 and 304L stainless steel (SS) alloys was investigated by using the cyclic potentiodynamic polarization test at 0.6 M Sodium Halide salts (NaX) solution and different temperatures. The two alloys 304 and 304L SS suffered from severe pitting corrosion at room temperature up to 50˚C in a chloride containing solution with the higher resistance observed for 304L in comparison to the 304 while on pits were detected in iodide solution for both alloys. The pitting potentials of the two alloys in 0.6 M NaCl solution reduced with the increase of the temperature. Examination of the alloys' surfaces was conducted by using the scanning electron microscopes where it revealed that the occurrence of pitting attack seems like hemispherical or irregular pits with different sizes.

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Section: Morphology Of Pitted Surfacessupporting

confidence: 77%

Comparison of Aggressiveness Behavior of Chloride and Iodide Solutions on 304 and 304L Stainless Steel Alloys

Salih¹,

Shakir²,

Al-Sammarraie³

2017

MSA

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“…[3][4][5][6][7][8] The qualitative data in 4% NaCl added with hydrogen peroxide are given in this table. 4.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Alloying Elements on the Pitting Corrosion of Stainless Steels

Osozawa

Okato

Fukase

et al. 1975

Corrosion Engineering

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Effects of alloying elements on the pitting corrosion resistance of 17Cr-16Ni steels with and without 4% Mo were evaluated by the corrosion rate in 10% FeCl3.6H2O and 4% NaCl added with hydrogen peroxide and by the polarization measurement in 0.1N NaCl+0.1-0.25N Na2SO4 at 40C.The elements, the content of which was varied, were carbon, nitrogen, silicon, phosphorus, sulfur, manganese and nickel. The supplementary alloying elements were aluminum, titanium, vanadium, cobalt, copper, zirconium, niobium, tin and tungsten. Tungsten, like silicon, was found beneficial in minimizing the pitting corrosion if added together with molybdenum.Carbon was favorable if no chromium carbides were formed. Copper added to the Mo-free steel was beneficial, but not effective in the Mo-bearing steel. Manganese was proved to be harmful in both Mo-free and Mo-bearing steels, but increasing its content more than that of ordinary stainless steels did not enhance its harmful effect. The very favorable effect of nitrogen was also recognized. The effects of the other alloying elements are summarized in a table. The more noble the electrode potential at a relatively high c.d., i.e. 10mA/cm2, in anodic polarization curves measured in sodium chloride solution, the lower was the corrosion rate in the ferric chloride test if a second phase was absent. The presence of a second phase increases especially the corrosion rate in ferric chloride solution. It was indicated that the alloying to increase the passivating ability of the steel would shift the pitting potential to the more noble direction by passivating the depassivated sites before they can grow as ordinary pits.

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“…[14][15][16][17][18] Given the fact that an aggressive internal chemistry is required within the pit for continued growth, [19][20][21][22] the repassivation potential can also be considered the lowest potential at which such chemistry can be maintained. [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34] Particularly in terms of a conservative lower bound for engineering practice, long-term testing 7,31,35 using the repassivation potential has borne out the expectation that when samples are held at potentials below this value, neither do old pits continue to grow nor do new pits initiate.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A High-Throughput Artificial Pit Technique to Measure Kinetic Parameters for Pitting Stability

Srinivasan

McGrath

Kelly

2015

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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A cyclic electrochemical technique was developed which enables rapid, high-throughput extraction of important kinetic parameters from one-dimensional artificial pit (lead-in-pencil) electrode experiments. This approach combined methods for pit initiation and propagation with kinetic measurements at a series of pit depths to measure two key kinetic parameters -the pit stability product under a salt film (i·x) saltfilm and the repassivation potential E rp -from a single experiment. The entire sequence was cycled and automated for efficient, high-volume data collection and analysis for the case of stainless steel in neutral chloride solution. This method offered advantages in the extraction and interpretation of data from a wide range of pit depths, permitting statistical analysis of the kinetic parameters required for determining the critical conditions for pit stability and repassivation.

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A Critical Analysis of Pitting Corrosion★

Cited by 54 publications

References 42 publications

Comparison of Aggressiveness Behavior of Chloride and Iodide Solutions on 304 and 304L Stainless Steel Alloys

Comparison of Aggressiveness Behavior of Chloride and Iodide Solutions on 304 and 304L Stainless Steel Alloys

Effects of Alloying Elements on the Pitting Corrosion of Stainless Steels

A High-Throughput Artificial Pit Technique to Measure Kinetic Parameters for Pitting Stability

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