A cost-effective 100 Gbps SAC-OCDMA–PDM based inter-satellite communication link

A high‐speed long‐haul wavelength division multiplexing–based inter‐satellite optical wireless communication link using spectral‐efficient 2‐D orthogonal modulation scheme

“…Similarly, the work in Chaudhary et al reports a maximum link range of 25 000 km by incorporating hybrid SAC‐OCDMA technique, but the use of NRZ modulation format limits the maximum information rate per channel to 10 Gbps, which results in net information rate of the link to be 100 Gbps, which is notably less as compared to 1.6 Tbps proposed in our work. Although Padya and Patnaik have proposed a promising technique to transport high‐speed information of 16 × 100 Gbps (same as that of our proposed work) over 16‐channel WDM‐IsOWC link by using DP‐QPSK signals, but the use of 1550 nm of operating wavelength band in Padya and Patnaik has resulted in limiting the maximum link range to 15 600 km, whereas our proposed link achieves 25 000 km of link range with acceptable BER.…”

“…Sixteen orthogonal‐modulated information signals at different channel wavelength are multiplexed using an optical MUX and then transmitted into the outer space using transmitter optics. Mathematically, the IsOWC link can be described as: …”

“…where P R denotes the optical power of the received information signal, P T denotes the optical power of the transmitted signal, η T denotes the optical efficiency of the transmitter terminal, η R denotes the optical efficiency of the receiver terminal, λ denotes central wavelength, Z denotes the transmission range, G T denotes the gain of the transmitting antenna, G R denotes the gain of the receiving antenna, L T denotes the transmitter loss factor, and L R denotes the receiver loss factor, which can be described using Equations and , respectively: …”

“…The designing and performance investigation of a 32 × 10‐Gbps dense DWDM‐based IsOWC link with 150 GHz of channel spacing at 5000 km of transmission range has been demonstrated in Kaur et al R. Kaur et al reported the performance comparison of chirped return‐to‐zero, alternate mark inversion, and differential phase shift keying (DPSK) modulation techniques in a 64‐channel IsOWC system operated at 10, 20, and 40 Gbps over 3000 km of transmission range . In another work, a cost‐effective 100‐Gbps IsOWC link has been proposed by incorporating hybrid spectral amplitude coding‐optical code division multiple access‐polarization division multiplexing (SAC‐OCDMA‐PDM) under the influence of space turbulence (ie, pointing error losses). J. Padhy et al report simulative investigation of a 1.6‐Tbps WDM‐based IsOWC link using dual‐polarization quadrature phase shift keying (DP‐QPSK) over 15 600 km of transmission range .…”

A high‐speed single‐channel inter‐satellite optical wireless communication link incorporating spectrum‐efficient orthogonal modulation scheme

“…The numerical analysis show that DQPSK scheme performs the best and Manchester scheme performs the worst. The modeling and performance comparison of RZ and NRZ modulation schemes in a spectral amplitude coding‐optical code division multiple access (OCDMA)‐PDM based IsOWC link over 10 000 km link distance under the effect of pointing errors is reported in Reference 9. But the use of multiple coherent laser and receiver apertures in WDM technique and optical signal processing techniques at the transmitter and receiver terminal in the case of MDM and PDM techniques result in making the transmission system more costly and complex.…”