This article takes its starting point in the Nazi ideology as it appears in the writings of Adolf Hitler, and discusses how disability and the body can be understood in the context of Mein Kampf. The article underlines how disability and bodily infirmities, alongside race, featured significantly in Hitler's demagogic message. Although the overall image of disability was related to a sense of threat-and a culture gone wrong-Mein Kampf also contains a mixed interpretation of disability as a phenomenon, in which different and opposing disability narratives took part in the construction and the image of the body as a national property. Points of interest • This study discusses the Nazi ideology and its rhetoric in relation to the body and disability. • The article is among the few to analyze Hitler's ideas and recommendations concerning people with disability. • Results illustrate how cultural-historical analyses of ideas, values and norms can help to show that disability as a phenomenon can be explained and valued in different ways and that the line between inclusion and exclusion is not always clear. • This type of research is vital since it contributes to an ethical reflection on how we look upon and understand human dignity, disability and peoples' right to be included in society. • This research provides an opportunity to critically reflect on how different societies, at different times and in different ways, socially construct the notions of ability and disability, especially in relationship to national interests.