A Coordinated Control of Offshore Wind Power and BESS to Provide Power System Flexibility

Abstract

The massive integration of variable renewable energy (VRE) in modern power systems is imposing several challenges; one of them is the increased need for balancing services. Coping with the high variability of the future generation mix with incredible high shares of VER, the power system requires developing and enabling sources of flexibility. This paper proposes and demonstrates a single layer control system for coordinating the steady-state operation of battery energy storage system (BESS) and wind power plants via multi-terminal high voltage direct current (HVDC). The proposed coordinated controller is a single layer controller on the top of the power converter-based technologies. Specifically, the coordinated controller uses the capabilities of the distributed battery energy storage systems (BESS) to store electricity when a logic function is fulfilled. The proposed approach has been implemented considering a control logic based on the power flow in the DC undersea cables and coordinated to charging distributed-BESS assets. The implemented coordinated controller has been tested using numerical simulations in a modified version of the classical IEEE 14-bus test system, including tree-HVDC converter stations. A 24-h (1-min resolution) quasi-dynamic simulation was used to demonstrate the suitability of the proposed coordinated control. The controller demonstrated the capacity of fulfilling the defined control logic. Finally, the instantaneous flexibility power was calculated, demonstrating the suitability of the proposed coordinated controller to provide flexibility and decreased requirements for balancing power.

Summary of research on operation control of electrochemical energy storage power plants for offshore wind power

“…This coordination controller is a single-layer controller leveraging power converter technology, capable of storing electrical energy while executing logical functions. The novel controller makes efficient use of the local control function embedded in the installed power converter, effectively reducing the computational complexity of its implementation [47].…”

Improvement of the Iraqi Super Grid Performance Using HVDC/HVAC Links by the Integration of Large-Scale Renewable Energy Sources

“…In [23], a single-layer control system for coordinating the operation of battery energy storage system (BESS) and wind power plants via multi-terminal high voltage direct current (HVDC) were presented and demonstrated. The findings of this study have shown the suitability of the proposed coordinated controller to provide flexibility and decrease requirements for balancing power.…”

Comparative Performance of Inverted-Based Generation using Synchonverter during Transient Stability Conditions

“…Current power networks are undergoing substantial transformation, which is tied to all aspects of the electrical sector [1], [2], [3]: (i) generation-side: deployment and use of more environmentally friendly and weather dependent technologies [4], (ii) grid-side: integration of more flexible assets where the use of direct current (DC) and other technologies (FACTS and storage) are vital elements [5], (iii) demand-side: the rise of novel technologies behind the meter such as small-scale battery energy storage (BESS), electric cars, and the huge transformation of the costumer evolving for a very passive role and the emergence of the concept of the prosumer, prosumers concept is a reality in various nations across the world [6], [7]. The aforementioned power system transformation shares numerous characteristics, but the unifying denominator is the massive integration of IBG [8], [9].…”