New 3-azidoalka-1,3-dienylphosphonates were synthesized by a convenient and efficient method. These compounds are useful as intermediates in the preparation of 3-(3-aryl-4,5-dihydroisoxazol-5-yl)-and 3-alkenyl-4-(diethoxyphosphoryl)isoxazoles.A 3,4-disubstituted isoxazole scaffold has frequently been incorporated into the pharmacophore design for a wide range of pharmaceutical agents. 1 Some examples include nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), 2 protein kinase inhibitors, 3 hypertensive agents. 4 Isoxazole derivatives form a part of many drugs used for antidepressant therapy and the treatment osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis. 5,6 The introduction of different functional groups in the 3,4-positions of the isoxazole ring, makes it possible to expand the range reactions of 3,4-disubstituted isoxazoles 7,8 and to study their biological properties and, in this context, the synthesis of 3-(3-aryl-4,5-dihydroisoxazol-5-yl)-and 3-alkenyl-4-(diethoxyphosphoryl)isoxazoles is of interest. However, this type of isoxazole has not previously been described in the literature.
Scheme 1As part of our research on the use of allenes as versatile starting materials in organic synthesis 9 we recently reported their application to the synthesis of 2-(diethoxyphosphoryl)-3-(3-phenyl-4,5-dihydroisoxazol-5-yl)-2H-azirines. 10 In conjunction with our continuing study of the chemical properties of polyfunctional alkadienylphosphonates and the design of new phosphonoheterocycles, we turned our attention towards development of synthesis 3-substituted 4-(diethoxyphosphoryl)isoxazoles by using phosphonoallenes as starting materials.General retrosynthetic analysis, illustrated for the synthesis of target compounds 7 and 8, is given in Scheme 1. It revealed that the 3,4-disubstituted isoxazoles might be constructed by a simple and efficient three-step procedure involving preparation of alkynols 1, their transformation to 3-azidoalka-1,3-dienylphosphonates 5, synthesis of 4,5-dihydroisoxazolyl derivatives 6, and cyclization of 5 and 6 to give the final 3,4-disubstituted isoxazoles 7 and 8. The propargyl alcohols 1 were prepared in 80% yields by a standard procedure, 11 starting from O-protected propargylic alcohol by using ethyl vinyl ether. 12 Phosphorylated allenes 3 were synthesized directly from propargylic alcohols 1 in ~70% yield by Horner-Mark [2,3]-sigmatropic rearrangement of the unstable phosphates 2 13 (Scheme 2, Table 1). The treatment of compounds 3 with a methanol solution in the presence of 4-toluenesulfonic acid afforded unprotected allenic alcohols 4 in quantitative yields.The reaction of phosphonates 4 with sodium azide at 40-50 °C for two hours in N,N-dimethylformamide lead to the formation of alka-1,3-dienes 5 with an E-double bond configuration. Compounds 5 were isolated by flash chromatography on silica gel in 73-80% yields. Confirmation of the E-structure of 3-azidoalka-1,3-dienes 5 was established on the basis of their 1 H and 13 C NMR spectra. The signals of H2 in 5 appears at the lowest field of the alka...