A Contact-Resistive Random-Access-Memory-Based True Random Number Generator

Huang, Chang‐Wei; Shen, Wen Chao; Tseng, Yuh‐Min; King, Ya‐Chin; Lin, Chao-An

doi:10.1109/led.2012.2199734

Cited by 147 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…This approach was investigated with oxide-based resistive memory devices [15][16][17][18] , phasechange memory devices 19,20 , magnetic memory devices [21][22][23] , as well as with straintronic memory devices 24 . However, these approaches are based on repeated, energy-intensive programming operations, and still require high energy for random bit generation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-Energy Truly Random Number Generation with Superparamagnetic Tunnel Junctions for Unconventional Computing

et al. 2017

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Low-energy random number generation is critical for many emerging computing schemes proposed to complement or replace von Neumann architectures. However, current random number generators are always associated with an energy cost that is prohibitive for these computing schemes. In this paper, we introduce random number bit generation based on specific nanodevices: superparamagnetic tunnel junctions. We experimentally demonstrate high quality random bit generation that represents orders-of-magnitude improvements in energy efficiency compared to current solutions. We show that the random generation speed improves with nanodevice scaling, and investigate the impact of temperature, magnetic field and crosstalk. Finally, we show how alternative computing schemes can be implemented using superparamagentic tunnel junctions as random number generators. These results open the way for fabricating efficient hardware computing devices leveraging stochasticity, and highlight a novel use for emerging nanodevices.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-Energy Truly Random Number Generation with Superparamagnetic Tunnel Junctions for Unconventional Computing

et al. 2017

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“…It is worth mentioning that RRAMs have also been proposed as true random number generator (TRNG) for applications in data encryption for secure communication systems [19]- [21].…”

Section: Rrams For Hardware Intrinsic Securitymentioning

confidence: 99%

RRAM based random bit generation for hardware security applications

Arumí

Manich

Rodríguez-Montañés

et al. 2016

2016 Conference on Design of Circuits and Integrated Systems (DCIS)

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Abstract-Resistive random access memories (RRAMs) have arisen as a competitive candidate for non-volatile memories due to their scalability, simple structure, fast switching speed and compatibility with conventional back-end processes. The stochastic switching mechanism and intrinsic variability of RRAMs still poses challenges that must be overcome prior to their massive memory commercialization. However, these very same features open a wide range of potential applications for these devices in hardware security. In this context, this work proposes the generation of a random bit by means of simultaneous write operation of two parallel cells so that only one of them unpredictably switches its state. Electrical simulations confirm the strong stochastic behavior and stability of the proposed primitive. Exploiting this fact, a Physical Unclonable Function (PUF) like primitive is implemented based on modified 1 transistor -1 resistor (1T1R) array structure.

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“…The latest random telegraph noise (RTN) based TRNG requires an analogy comparator to convert RTN to binary code [4]. For the reason, its sampling rate is relatively low at only 11.4Hz.…”

Section: The Design Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the reason, its sampling rate is relatively low at only 11.4Hz. Thus, its applications are limited to low-speed systems such as encryption system [4].…”

Section: The Design Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Traditional thermalnoise-based TRNG usually is composed of a stochastic signal source, multi-level amplifiers, A/D converter and post-processing circuits [3]. Recently, a TRNG based on RTN in contact resistive random access memory (CRRAM) was proposed in which the high-and low-resistance states (HRS and LRS) of CRRAM are subject to RTN and therefore the resistance fluctuations can be converted to a stream of random bits [4]. Some TRNG designs leveraging the nanotechnologies have also been investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Novel True Random Number Generator Design Leveraging Emerging Memristor Technology

Wang

Wen

et al. 2015

Proceedings of the 25th Edition on Great Lakes Symposium on VLSI

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Memristor, the fourth basic circuit element, demonstrates obvious stochastic behaviors in both the static resistance states and the dynamic switching. In this work, a novel memristor-based true random number generator (MTRNG) is presented which leverages the stochastic property when switching a device between its binary states. Compared to conventional random number generators that require amplifiers or comparators with high complexity, the use of memristors significantly reduces the design cost: a basic MTRNG consists of only one memristor, six transistors, and one D Flip-flop. To maximize the entropy of the random bit generation, we further enhanced the design to a 2-branch scheme which can provide a uniform bit distribution. Our simulation results show that the proposed MTRNGs offer high operating speed and low power consumption: the reading clocks of the basic 1-branch and the enhanced 2-branch schemes can reach at 1.05GHz and 0.96GHz with power assumptions of 31.1μW and 80.3μW, respectively. Moreover, the zero-versus-one distributions and sampling rates of MTRNGs can be flexibly reconfigured by modulating the width and amplitude of the programming pulse applied on a memristor and therefore adjusting its switching probability between ON and OFF states.

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A Contact-Resistive Random-Access-Memory-Based True Random Number Generator

Cited by 147 publications

References 7 publications

Low-Energy Truly Random Number Generation with Superparamagnetic Tunnel Junctions for Unconventional Computing

Low-Energy Truly Random Number Generation with Superparamagnetic Tunnel Junctions for Unconventional Computing

RRAM based random bit generation for hardware security applications

A Novel True Random Number Generator Design Leveraging Emerging Memristor Technology

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