A Conspectus of Aphids as Vectors of Plant Viruses

Klostermeyer, E. C.

doi:10.1093/besa/8.4.212

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…We follow Nault (28) and use a classification system that combines the systems based on the persistence of the virus in the vector (40,41) and the mode (or mechanism) of transmission (20). Persistence is defined in terms of the retention time of the plant virus in its vector, and three categories have been designated: nonpersistent, semipersistent, and persistent.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Theoretical Assessment of the Effects of Vector-Virus Transmission Mechanism on Plant Virus Disease Epidemics

Madden¹,

Jeger²,

Bosch³

2000

Phytopathology®

153

152

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A continuous-time and deterministic model was used to characterize plant virus disease epidemics in relation to virus transmission mechanism and population dynamics of the insect vectors. The model can be written as a set of linked differential equations for healthy (virus-free), latently infected, infectious, and removed (postinfectious) plant categories, and virus-free, latent, and infective insects, with parameters based on the transmission classes, vector population dynamics, immigration/emigration rates, and virus-plant interactions. The rate of change in diseased plants is a function of the density of infective insects, the number of plants visited per time, and the probability of transmitting the virus per plant visit. The rate of change in infective insects is a function of the density of infectious plants, the number of plants visited per time by an insect, and the probability of acquiring the virus per plant visit. Numerical solutions of the differential equations were used to determine transitional and steady-state levels of disease incidence (d*); d* was also determined directly from the model parameters. Clear differences were found in disease development among the four transmission classes: nonpersistently transmitted (stylet-borne [NP]); semipersistently transmitted (foregut-borne [SP]); circulative, persistently transmitted (CP); and propagative, persistently transmitted (PP), with the highest disease incidence (d) for the SP and CP classes relative to the others, especially at low insect density when there was no insect migration or when the vector status of emigrating insects was the same as that of immigrating ones. The PP and CP viruses were most affected by changes in vector longevity, rates of acquisition, and inoculation of the virus by vectors, whereas the PP viruses were least affected by changes in insect mobility. When vector migration was explicitly considered, results depended on the fraction of infective insects in the immigration pool and the fraction of dying and emigrating vectors replaced by immigrants. The PP and CP viruses were most sensitive to changes in these factors. Based on model parameters, the basic reproductive number (R(0))-number of new infected plants resulting, from an infected plant introduced into a susceptible plant population-was derived for some circumstances and used to determine the steady-state level of disease incidence and an approximate exponential rate of disease increase early in the epidemic. Results can be used to evaluate disease management strategies.

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confidence: 99%

A Theoretical Assessment of the Effects of Vector-Virus Transmission Mechanism on Plant Virus Disease Epidemics

Madden¹,

Jeger²,

Bosch³

2000

Phytopathology®

153

152

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“…Also, BtMV was registered at the RŠ2 locality in the first year of investigation (unpublished data). This virus is transmissible by more than 28 aphid species (Kennedy et al 1962) but M. persicae and A. fabae are the principal vectors in the field, as well as A. spiraecola (FERA -UK). Transmission is of the nonpersistent type.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flight activity of aphids in Serbia: investigation by water traps placed in sugar beet fields

Petrović-Obradović¹,

Ćurčić²,

Milovac³

et al. 2023

Plant Prot. Sci.

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Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris v. altissima Ross.) is Europe's main crop for sugar production. The production of sugar beet is affected by many aphid species that can reduce the yield and quality of the plants by sucking the sap and by vectoring sugar beet viruses (Qi et al. 2004). Sugar beet is host to ten cosmopolitan aphid species, mostly extremely polyphagous, such as Aphis fabae Scopoli, Myzus persicae (Sulzer), Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas), Aphis gossypii Glover, Aphis nasturtii Kaltenbach and Aulacorthum solani (Kaltenbach) (Blackman & Eastop 2022). The two main aphid species colonizing sugar beet worldwide are A. fabae and M. persicae, which form large colonies and can be sustained throughout the whole season on sugar beet plants (Fernandez-Quintanilla et al. 2002;Razmjou & Fallahi 2009). Myzus persicae is a highly polyphagous species and a significant vector of plant viruses. However, all these species are vectors of sugar beet viruses, and the damages caused by viral infection

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“…The circulative viruses are occasionally classified as persistent viruses as they persist in the insect body long after acquisition and the virus acquisition, retention and inoculation by their vectors normally take many days. The persistent viruses are further divided into circulative‐ propagative and circulative‐ non‐propagative based on the virus's ability to replicate within the insect body or not 5, 6 …”

Section: Mechanisms Of Virus Transmission By Aphidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of aphid biology and morphology on plant virus transmission

Jayasinghe

Akhter

Nakahara

et al. 2021

Pest Management Science

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Aphids severely affect crop production by transmitting many plant viruses. Viruses are obligate intracellular pathogens that mostly depend on vectors for their transmission and survival. A majority of economically important plant viruses are transmitted by aphids. They transmit viruses either persistently (circulative or non-circulative) or non-persistently. Plant virus transmission by insects is a process that has evolved over time and is strongly influenced by insect morphological features and biology. Over the past century, a large body of research has provided detailed knowledge of the molecular processes underlying virusvector interactions. In this review, we discuss how aphid biology and morphology can affect plant virus transmission.

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A Conspectus of Aphids as Vectors of Plant Viruses

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

A Theoretical Assessment of the Effects of Vector-Virus Transmission Mechanism on Plant Virus Disease Epidemics

A Theoretical Assessment of the Effects of Vector-Virus Transmission Mechanism on Plant Virus Disease Epidemics

Flight activity of aphids in Serbia: investigation by water traps placed in sugar beet fields

Effect of aphid biology and morphology on plant virus transmission

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