A Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Scanning of the Root Canal System of Permanent Teeth among the Moscow Population

Abstract

Background Successful endodontic treatment requires a significant knowledge of root canal anatomy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the root and root canal number of permanent teeth among the Moscow population using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scanning. Materials and methods 300 CBCT images of subjects were analyzed to study the anatomy of roots and root canal system of each tooth. The collected data were analyzed using IBM SPSS statistics software 22.0 version. Results The maxillary incisors and canines had one root with one canal in 100%. Maxillary premolars had one root with one or two canals and two roots with two canals, while mandibular premolars were single-rooted with one or two canals. Maxillary first and second molar had three separated roots, and the prevalence of four canals was more often in first molars. Mandibular molars had two roots with different number of canals. Conclusion The root canal system varies greatly among populations and even in different individuals within the same population; thus, using CBCT scanning is an effective technique in investigating the root canal system.

Morphology of Root Canal System of Maxillary and Mandibular Molars

“…Root canal system varies from two canals to four canals. The incidence of four canals was reported in some races: in Russia (20.9%) [40], Turkey (15.3%) [52], Spain (52.9%) [33], and Korea (24.3%) ( Figure 15) [51]. The fourth canal is usually located in the distal root.…”

“…For DB and P roots, they have one canal in most cases. Two canals in DB root were observed in some studies, and the prevalence of DB2 ranges from 0.6 to 4% [40]. Its orifice is located near the DB1.…”

“…The most common root canal morphology of three-rooted second molar is four canals (MB1, MB2, DB, and P) ( Figure 10). The incidence of MB2 ranged from 11.53 to 93.7% [40], in Russia-51.5% [41], and in Portugal-44% [30]. MB2 is located mostly 1 mm from the orifice of the mesiobuccal canal [39].…”

“…The incidence of three-rooted teeth was found in some populations: in Chinese (1.27%) [59], Indian (7.5%) [61], Turkish (0.4%) [52], Spain (6.25%) [33], and Korean (1.1%) [62]. The prevalence of one-rooted mandibular second molar was observed in Russia (0.5%) [40], Spain (16.5%) [33], and Turkey (1.6%) [52]. The most frequent root canal system is three canals (two mesial and one distal) (Figure 17).…”

“…The most frequent root canal system is three canals (two mesial and one distal) (Figure 17). The prevalence of three canals in various populations was in Russia (82.2%) [40], Turkey (86.4%) [52], India (53.5%) [61], and Spain (81.25%) [33]. The mesial root usually has two canals that tend to lie much closer together.…”