A concise update on major poly-lactic acid bioprocessing barriers

Oliveira, Priscilla Zwiercheczewski de; Vandenberghe, Luciana Porto de Souza; Mello, Ariane Fátima Murawski de; Soccol, Carlos Ricardo

doi:10.1016/j.biteb.2022.101094

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Poly(lactic acid) or polylactide (PLA) is one of these biopolymers that has been extensively studied and produced on a large industrial scale [ 16 ]. Poly( d -lactic acid) and poly( l -lactic acid) represent two active optical PLA isomers, where the polymerization process, crystallization, and melting properties are highly dependent on the purity of the isomer [ 17 ]. PLA belongs to the family of aliphatic thermoplastic polyesters, has relatively good mechanical properties, and is both bio-based and biodegradable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase Morphology and Mechanical Properties of Super-Tough PLLA/TPE/EMA-GMA Ternary Blends

Boruvka,

Base,

Novak

et al. 2024

Polymers

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The inherent brittleness of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) limits its use in a wider range of applications that require plastic deformation at higher stress levels. To overcome this, a series of poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA)/biodegradable thermoplastic polyester elastomer (TPE) blends and their ternary blends with an ethylene-methyl acrylate-glycidyl methacrylate (EMA-GMA) copolymer as a compatibilizer were prepared via melt blending to improve the poor impact strength and low ductility of PLAs. The thermal behavior, crystallinity, and miscibility of the binary and ternary blends were analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Tensile tests revealed a brittle–ductile transition when the binary PLLA/20TPE blend was compatibilized by 8.6 wt. % EMA-GMA, and the elongation at break increased from 10.9% to 227%. The “super tough” behavior of the PLLA/30TPE/12.9EMA-GMA ternary blend with the incomplete break and notched impact strength of 89.2 kJ∙m−2 was observed at an ambient temperature (23 °C). In addition, unnotched PLLA/40TPE samples showed a tremendous improvement in crack initiation resistance at sub-zero test conditions (−40 °C) with an impact strength of 178.1 kJ∙m−2. Morphological observation by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) indicates that EMA-GMA is preferentially located at the PLLA/TPE interphase, where it is partially incorporated into the matrix and partially encapsulates the TPE. The excellent combination of good interfacial adhesion, debonding cavitation, and subsequent matrix shear yielding worked synergistically with the phase transition from sea–island to co-continuous morphology to form an interesting super-toughening mechanism.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase Morphology and Mechanical Properties of Super-Tough PLLA/TPE/EMA-GMA Ternary Blends

Boruvka,

Base,

Novak

et al. 2024

Polymers

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“…The starch-based production of lactic acid (LA) from bio-based raw materials has been important in the success of poly-lactic acid (PLA) as a replacement for fossil-based plastics. LA is one of the most successful examples of industrial large-scale microbial fermentation, and it is furthermore the best way to obtain optically pure LA, without relying on downstream processing to separate both enantiomers—L-LA and D-LA ( Yi et al, 2016 ; de Oliveira et al, 2022 ; Lomwongsopon and Varrone, 2022 ; Ojo and de Smidt, 2023 ). The access to pure LA enantiomers makes it possible to tailor ratios of poly-L-LA and poly-D-LA in a PLA polymer, giving advantages such as decreasing brittleness and the slow crystallization of PLA ( Abdel-Rahman and Sonomoto, 2016 ; Rosenboom et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The use of non-food feedstocks (e.g., food, industrial or agricultural waste) instead of starch-based feedstocks (e.g., corn, sugar cane, cassava) may become a strategy to make biopolymer production processes more economically competitive ( Abdel-Rahman and Sonomoto, 2016 ; Abedi and Hashemi, 2020 ; Abedi and Hashemi, 2020 ; de Oliveira et al, 2022 ). Approximately two-thirds of the Swedish land area is forest, with close to 20 million hectares used for production of wood-based products, of which 80% are softwood species ( Ekström and Hannerz, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overcoming extended lag phase on optically pure lactic acid production from pretreated softwood solids

Campos,

Almqvist,

Bao

et al. 2023

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Optically pure lactic acid (LA) is needed in PLA (poly-lactic acid) production to build a crystalline structure with a higher melting point of the biopolymer than that of the racemic mixture. Lignocellulosic biomass can be used as raw material for LA production, in a non-food biorefinery concept. In the present study, genetically engineered P. acidilactici ZP26 was cultivated in a simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) process using steam pretreated softwood solids as a carbon source to produce optically pure D-LA. Given the low concentrations of identifiable inhibitory compounds from sugar and lignin degradation, the fermentation rate was expected to follow the rate of enzymatic hydrolysis. However, added pretreated solids (7% on weight (w/w) of water-insoluble solids [WIS]) significantly and immediately affected the process performance, which resulted in a long lag phase (more than 40 h) before the onset of the exponential phase of the fermentation. This unexpected delay was also observed without the addition of enzymes in the SSF and in a model fermentation with glucose and pretreated solids without added enzymes. Experiments showed that it was possible to overcome the extended lag phase in the presence of pretreated softwood solids by allowing the microorganism to initiate its exponential phase in synthetic medium, and subsequently adding the softwood solids and enzymatic blend to proceed to an SSF with D-LA production.

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“…The investigation of lactic acid (LA) production dates back to the year 1780, while its commercial application was established in 1881, marking its progression as an advanced technology ( Zwiercheczewski de Oliveira et al, 2022 ). LA, an essential organic acid, possesses a diverse array of applications across various domains encompassing the preservation of human food products and other industrial utilization ( Rodrigues et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…delbrueckii, Lb. rhamnosus, and others use substrates with a high concentration of sugars, including agro-industrial wastes, to produce high LA titers, especially, L(+)-lactic acid enantiomer (>95%), owing to their selective metabolism ( Zwiercheczewski de Oliveira et al, 2022 ). After polymerization, high-purity L (+) lactic acid can be utilized as an alternative source for commercial plastic by forming crystalline PLA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Homofermentative Lactobacilli isolated from organic sources exhibit potential ability of lactic acid production

Stephen,

Saleh

2023

Front. Microbiol.

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There has been an increasing interest in recent years in lactic acid bacteria that are derived from organic sources for lactic acid production. This research article presents the isolation and identification of homofermentative lactic acid bacteria from various novel organic sources, followed by qualitative and quantitative analyses of lactic acid produced. A total of 32 isolates were identified initially from various sources, such as curd (C1, C2), probiotics (P1, P2, and P3), silage (Si1 and Si2), soil samples (S1, S2, and S3), vermicompost (V1 and V2), and Farmyard manure. Biochemical tests such as Gram’s staining, catalase test, and oxidase test were conducted for preliminary identification of lactic acid bacteria using De Man, Rogosa, and Sharpe agar (MRS) media. Through selection and identification, based on colony morphology and biochemical characteristics, 18 isolates were identified as lactic acid bacteria. The subsequent analysis included a tube test, screening for organic acid production, and homofermentative screening using homofermentative–heterofermentative differential (HHD) medium for qualitative analysis of lactic acid. The results revealed that 9 out of 18 selected strains were homofermentative and had promising potential for the production of lactic acid. Furthermore, six isolates (P1-1, S1-3, C2-1, V2-3, P2-1, and C1-1) from all of the nine positive strains were subjected to pH testing (0, 24, 48, and 72 h) and titrimetric assay for estimation of % crude lactic acid present. The presence of lactic acid was confirmed using thin-layer chromatography (TLC). L (+)-Lactic acid was quantified using a K-LATE enzymatic assay kit, for the best three isolates (P1-1, S1-3, C2-1). Finally, the strains were subjected to 16SrRNA sequencing and were identified as Lactobacilli. Based on the findings of the study, it could be concluded that homofermentative lactic acid bacteria with significant LA-producing ability can be obtained from different organic sources and may prove to be useful in the successful production of lactic acid for biotechnological applications.

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A concise update on major poly-lactic acid bioprocessing barriers

Cited by 8 publications

References 50 publications

Phase Morphology and Mechanical Properties of Super-Tough PLLA/TPE/EMA-GMA Ternary Blends

Phase Morphology and Mechanical Properties of Super-Tough PLLA/TPE/EMA-GMA Ternary Blends

Overcoming extended lag phase on optically pure lactic acid production from pretreated softwood solids

Homofermentative Lactobacilli isolated from organic sources exhibit potential ability of lactic acid production

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