A concise review of quantification methods for determination of vitamin K in various biological matrices

Abstract

Vitamin K is an essential nutrient in the body and involved in numerous physiological and pathophysiological functions. Both the lack and surplus of vitamin K can put human health at risk. Therefore, it becomes necessary to monitor vitamin K concentrations in different biomatrices through establishing sensitive and specific analytical methods. This review collectively describes an updated overview of the sample pretreatment methodologies and methods for quantitative determination of vitamin K that have been used in last two decades. High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) is commonly utilized as a standard for separation of vitamin K in combination with different detection including spectroscopic, spectrometric, fluorometric and mass spectroscopy. Recent progress in sample pretreatment technologies and quantitation methodologies have enhanced the ability to identify and quantitate vitamin K in biomatrices to further advance our understanding of the role of this vitamin in human health and disease.

Development of a Vitamin K Database for Commercially Available Food in Australia

“…There are numerous methods to measure both PK and MK in biological matrices, as reviewed previously ( 11 , 12 ). However, there is presently no standardized method to quantitate PK and MK in food.…”

Kapitel Basistherapie: Kalzium, Vitamin D und K, Ernährung, Körperliches Training

“…B. Osteocalcin oder Mat rixGlaProtein. Bei der Bestimmung ist zu berücksichtigen, dass die untercarboxylierten Proteine unter einer Substitutionstherapie sin ken [20,21].…”

A Concise Review of Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry-Based Quantification Methods for Short Chain Fatty Acids as Endogenous Biomarkers

“…Sample extraction and purification from biological matrices is crucial for analytical implementation in terms of selectivity, sensitivity, and accuracy. The purpose of sample pretreatment is to extract and concentrate analytes of concern while eliminating interfering matrix elements, and to alleviate damage to the column caused by impurities [ 42 ]. Protein precipitation (PP) [ 1 ], solid-phase extraction (SPE) [ 43 ], and liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) [ 44 ] are conventional techniques for endogenous compound extraction to attain effective analyte recovery by lowering ion suppression and enrichment of analyte signal [ 42 ].…”

“…The purpose of sample pretreatment is to extract and concentrate analytes of concern while eliminating interfering matrix elements, and to alleviate damage to the column caused by impurities [ 42 ]. Protein precipitation (PP) [ 1 ], solid-phase extraction (SPE) [ 43 ], and liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) [ 44 ] are conventional techniques for endogenous compound extraction to attain effective analyte recovery by lowering ion suppression and enrichment of analyte signal [ 42 ]. A key component of pretreatment is deproteinization, and can be achieved via precipitation with organic solvents, acidification, ultrafiltration and centrifugation [ 36 , 45 , 46 ].…”