A concentração do mercado de biodiesel no Brasil

Abstract

Resumo. O Brasil, mesmo possuindo diversas fontes potenciais para a produção de biodiesel, tem priorizado a utilização de oleaginosas que possam gerar maior emprego de mão de obra, incluindo regiões do país que estão à margem do processo de desenvolvimento econômico. Com esse foco e para regular esse mercado, a Agência Nacional do Petróleo (ANP), desde 2005, estipulou que a venda desse produto aconteceria somente através de leilões. Assim, este artigo teve como objetivo analisar e discutir essa concentração de empresas que participaram dos dezesseis leilões já realizados, utilizando indicadores de concentração tais como o índice de Gini e o índice de Theil, e também o índice de Concentração Parcial (CR). Observou-se, então, que o mercado do biodiesel no Brasil mostrouse inicialmente mais concentrado, tanto pela menor quantidade de empresas habilitadas quanto pelas suas capacidades de competir num período inicial de produção. Porém, a partir do 4º leilão a quantidade de empresas participantes com capacidade de produzir e Abstract. Brazil, despite having several potential sources for biodiesel production, has prioritized the use of oleaginous that can generate more workforce jobs including regions that are outside of the economic development process. With this focus and to regulate the market, the National Petrol Agency, since 2005, stipulated that the sale of this product would be happen only through auctions. This article aims to analyze and discuss this concentration of companies that participated of the sixteen auctions already realized. For that, it was used the concentration indicators like Gini's and Theil's indexes, and the Partial Concentration index (PC). It was observed that the biodiesel market in Brazil seems to be more concentrated because of its least quantity of qualifi ed companies and for their capacities of competing in an initial period of production. However, from the 4th auction the quantity of participant companies able to produce and participate of the auctions increase and, consequently the concentration level decrease, by

A Decade of Biodiesel Industry in Brazil: An Analysis of Concentration and Market Structure from 2010 to 2021

“…ese characteristics benefit firms that compete more efficiently and effectively, with the gains in scale being an essential element to achieve this result, primarily achieved by larger companies. is study, along with previous ones (Tanaca & Souza, 2010;Leonardi et al, 2011;Cavalheiro, 2014;Moreno-Pérez et al, 2017), indicates that the industrial dynamics of biodiesel can be viewed in two distinct periods. e first period, from 2005-2011, was initiated by the PNPB and saw a rapid increase in biodiesel production and a gradual de-concentration of the market due to the entry of new firms Moreno-Pérez et al, 2017).…”

“…Several studies (Tanaca & de Souza, 2010;Leonardi, Scarton, Padula & Coronel, 2011;Cavalheiro, 2014) have examined the concentration of businesses in biodiesel industry during its initial expansion stage (between 2005 and 2010). ese studies have pointed out the high level of concentration in this industry during that period, with only a few companies as biodiesel supplier.…”

“…e study of industrial organization, through the traditional structure-conduct-performance approach, has determined that concentration is influenced by the basic supply and demand conditions facing an industry. In the biodiesel industry, studies have shown that the industry is concentrated based on biodiesel production volume or sales volume (Tanaca & Souza, 2010;Leonardi, Scarton, Padula & Coronel, 2011;Cavalheiro, 2014;Moreno-Pérez, Marcossi & Ortiz-Miranda, 2017). Santos and Padula (2012) demonstrated that the biodiesel industry's dynamics shied from highly concentrated in 2005 to moderately concentrated in 2010, and even with the entrance of small biodiesel production plants, biodiesel production remained concentrated in large plants.…”

Taking stock of the evolution of the biodiesel industry in Brazil: Business concentration and structural traits

“…Some studies conducted at the beginning of this decade analysed the specific issue of the business concentration in the biodiesel industry throughout the initial stage of expansion of this market (Tanaca and de Souza, 2010;Leonardi et al, 2011;Dos Santos and Padula, 2012). However, these works have not been updated, despite the changes that this sector has undergone thereafter -e.g.…”