A comunicação com o paciente em cuidados paliativos: valorizando a alegria e o otimismo

Abstract

RESUMENEste estudio objetivo conocer las expectativas de los pacientes en cuidados paliativos en relación a la comunicación con las personas del equipo de enfermería. Los datos fueron colectados en el primero semestre de 2005, por medio de entrevistas semi-estructuradas, junto a 39 pacientes oncológicos sin pronóstico de cura, sometidos a la quimioterapia paliativa en una institución hospitalario privada de la ciudad de São Paulo, Brasil. Después de la trascripción de las hablas, los datos fueron analizados según la metodología de análisis del contenido. De los discursos de los entrevistados emergieron cuatro categorías. La comunicación interpersonal comprobó ser importante atributo del cuidado paliativo, evidenciando la atención dada a los señales no verbales del profesional para el establecimiento del vínculo de confianza, la necesidad de la presencia compasiva, el deseo de no focalizar la interacción y la relación apenas en la enfermedad y muerte y la valorización de la comunicación verbal alegre, que privilegia el optimismo y el buen humor. DESCRIPTORES ABSTRACTThe objective of this study was to know the expectations of patients who are in palliative care regarding communication with the nursing team. The data were collected during the first semester of 2005 through half-structured interviews among 39 oncological patients with no healing prognosis subjected to palliative chemotherapy in a hospital institution of the city of São Paulo. After transcription of the speeches, the data were analyzed according to the methodology of content analysis. From the interviewees' speeches four categories emerged. Interpersonal communication proved to be an important attribution to palliative care, with particular attention given to the professional's nonverbal signs for establishing a link of trust, the need for a compassionate presence, the desire not to focus the interaction and the relationship only on the disease and on death and to concentrate instead on cheerful verbal communication favoring optimism and good humor. KEY WORDS

From omnipotence to exhaustion: the perspectives of adolescents in drug therapy

“…To care for the sick youths, it is essential that a bond is constructed, that uses empathy, putting themselves in the place of the adolescent (19)(20) . As well as the empathetic involvement, which is seen in the statements of the patients, there is compassion from those who care to those to be cared for, though they should not be treated as patients, but their suffering, present in this particular moment, shared and they should be integrally care for, to encompass them in a biopsychosocial sphere (20)(21) .…”

Nursing communication in nursing care to mastectomized women: a grounded theory study

“…It was revealed that these professionals had already awoken to the relevance of establishing true contact with these women, which makes it easier to maintain humanized and individualized care, as exposed in the following statement (14) . to the mastectomy experience (15) . Nursing communication is permanently under construction and never repeats itself in the same way.…”

“…This means losing the opportunity to contribute to the approximation of hospital care, as recommended by the principles of the Unique Health System (SUS), which defends care integrality in parallel with the patient's recovery (15) .…”

“…It is fundamental, however, to highlight that the self- Humanizing the experience of pain, suffering and loss demands something more from the nursing team, that is, the construction of therapeutic relations that permit relieving tensions and protecting the patient's dignity and values (15) .…”

Assistência de enfermagem ao paciente oncológico hospitalizado: diagnósticos e intervenções relacionadas às necessidades psicossociais e psicoespirituais Nursing care in oncology hospitalized patients: diagnosis and interventions related to psychosocial and psychospiritual needs

“…A merciful presence, even when quiet, consoles and comforts by showing the patient that he/she is important and will be taken care of until the end. 13 However, to put away the possibility of death in the daily life of the professionals, they often end up overvaluing technical skills, which can cause the loss of an interpersonal more authentic and fortifying relationship between the nurse and the patient, 7 which is imperative in reducing the fear and discomfort related to the disease. The Psychosocial needs related to the domain of Comfort show that the social isolation did not receive any means of intervention.…”