A Computationally Efficient Method to Determine Iron and Magnet Losses in VSI-PWM Fed Axial Flux Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines

Sergeant, Peter; Vansompel, Hendrik; Hemeida, Ahmed; Bossche, Alex Van den; Dupré, Luc

doi:10.1109/tmag.2014.2308904

Cited by 21 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Consequently, the second bar in each group of four bars is considered. The average efficiency increases when the outer rotor radius increases to 0.060 m. Correspondingly, the highest average efficiency (87.36%) is achieved at a low N p and N s (5)(6)(7)(8)(9). Increasing the outer rotor radius to 0.080 m (bar three in each group of four bars) results in a maximum average efficiency of the drivetrain (88.07%) at low N p and N s (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9) and a decreased average efficiency when N p and N s increase.…”

Section: Influence Of Rotor Radius Gear Ratio and The Number Of mentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Another advantage is that the highest switching frequency occurs at low speed. Therefore, the additional motor losses due to PWM are low at low speed [6], and the acoustic noise is low at low speed. At high speed, the acoustic noise of tires and aerodynamics overrules the motor noise.…”

Section: A Pe Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This occurrence is caused by the fact that the switching frequency decreases with speed. PWM loss in the motor generally increases with a low switching frequency [6]. At high switching frequency (low motor speed), the additional losses in the rotor back iron are low due to skin effect in the magnets.…”

Section: F Influence Of the Pwm Lossmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The usage of this inverter influences the system power loss and the overall efficiency of a drivetrain. In [6], the additional losses in magnets and the stator iron of a PMSM were studied as function of the PWM frequency. For the considered 3 kW PMSM with surface magnets, the PWM supply increased the stator iron loss and eddy-current loss in the magnets by 26% and 69%, respectively, at the lowest considered PWM frequency of 5 kHz.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Integrated Model of Power Electronics, Electric Motor, and Gearbox for a Light EV

Hofman¹,

Sergeant²,

Bossche³

et al. 2015

Journal of Power Electronics

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This study presents a model of a drivetrain for an integrated design of a light electric vehicle (EV). For the drivetrain of each front wheel of the single-person, battery-powered EV tricycle consists of a battery, an inverter, and an outer rotor permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM), which is connected to an in-wheel gearbox. The efficiency of the inverter, motor, and gearbox is analyzed over the New European Driving Cycle. To calculate the losses and efficiency of the PMSM, the power electronics in the inverter and gearbox are used. The analytical models provide a fast, but less accurate result, useful for optimization purposes. To accurately predict the efficiency of the PMSM, a finite element model is used. The models are validated by test setups. Correspondingly, a good agreement between the measurements and the calculated results is achieved. A parameter study is performed to investigate the influence of the detailed component parameters (i.e., outer rotor radius, gear ratio, and number of pole pairs and stator slots) on the average efficiency of the drivetrain.

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Section: Influence Of Rotor Radius Gear Ratio and The Number Of mentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: A Pe Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: F Influence Of the Pwm Lossmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Integrated Model of Power Electronics, Electric Motor, and Gearbox for a Light EV

Hofman¹,

Sergeant²,

Bossche³

et al. 2015

Journal of Power Electronics

Self Cite

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“…Indeed, electrical motors are often controlled using pulse-width modulated voltagesource inverters, which results in higher time-harmonic orders in the current signal. The rising importance of these harmonics has led to a growing interest for harmonic-related phenomena in electrical machines, such as noise [1], [2] and losses [3], [4]. To better understand these phenomena, it is mandatory to have a good understanding of which time-and spatialharmonic combinations exist in the machine and what their physical cause is.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time- and Spatial-Harmonic Content in Synchronous Electrical Machines

2016

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The use of power electronics has led to a growing importance of higher time-harmonic content in electrical machines. To gain insight in phenomena related to these higher harmonics, such as noise and losses, a good understanding of the magnetic field's harmonic content is mandatory. Moreover, the development of fast and accurate, harmonic-based, analytical models requires a qualitative knowledge of the machine's time-and spatial-harmonic content. Although the harmonic content of electric machines is an extensively studied topic, previous publications tended to focus on one type of synchronous machines and often didn't consider higher time-harmonic orders. This work complements the existing theory by providing a more general approach, thereby covering machines and operating points that weren't covered until now. It considers both three-phase and multi-phase machines with an odd number of phases. The winding distribution can either have an integer or a fractional number of slots per pole and per phase and higher time-harmonic content is regarded as well. Note that saturation is neglected. Despite its general validity, the work succeeds at providing one simple equation to determine the machine's time-and spatial-harmonic content. Moreover, the work also extensively discusses the physical causes of the harmonic content. The combination of this general validity, the simple result and the insight in the physics makes that this work is a strong tool to both study harmonic-related phenomena in electric machines and to develop harmonic-based analytical models.

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Analytical No‐Load Magnetic Field Model Taking Account of the Curvature Coefficient for Parallel Direct‐Driven Conjoined Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor

Dai

Guo

et al. 2021

IEEJ Transactions Elec Engng

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This paper proposes an analytical no-load magnetic field model taking account of the curvature coefficient to compute the noload magnetic field of parallel direct-driven conjoined permanent magnet synchronous motor (PDC-PMSM). The shortcomings of the 3-D finite element method are avoided, such as the time-consuming and sensitive to finite element meshes. As well as, putting forward the design method of the motor. A 2-D subdomain model of PDC-PMSM can be obtained by segment 3-D model at the average radius, which is quasi to linear permanent magnet synchronous motor. Based on Maxwell's equations, the Poisson's equations in the permanent magnet (PM) subdomain and the Laplace's equations in the subdomain between air gap and PM are calculated under no-load condition. The radial and tangential flux density of each subdomain are obtained by the Fourier's series, hyperbolic functions, separation of variables, and the boundary condition. Better yet, the curvature coefficient is introduced to reduce the error between the analytical magnetic field in the planar model and the tubular model. The analytical no-load magnetic field model is established more accurately. The expression of curvature coefficient and back-electromotive force are derived. One prototype is manufactured for simulation and experimental study. The accuracy and feasibility of the proposed model are verified by the prototype test.

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A Computationally Efficient Method to Determine Iron and Magnet Losses in VSI-PWM Fed Axial Flux Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines

Cited by 21 publications

References 29 publications

Integrated Model of Power Electronics, Electric Motor, and Gearbox for a Light EV

Integrated Model of Power Electronics, Electric Motor, and Gearbox for a Light EV

Time- and Spatial-Harmonic Content in Synchronous Electrical Machines

Analytical No‐Load Magnetic Field Model Taking Account of the Curvature Coefficient for Parallel Direct‐Driven Conjoined Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor

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