A comprehensive study on lignin as a green alternative of silica in natural rubber composites

Yu, Peng; He, Hui; Jia, Yunchao; Tian, Shenghui; Chen, Jian; Jia, Demin; Luo, Yuanfang

doi:10.1016/j.polymertesting.2016.07.014

Cited by 105 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…However, with the development of nanotechnology and the requirement for environmental protection, the use of lignin in rubber has received renewed attention. Recently, many new technologies and strategies are used to prepare lignin‐based rubber composites such as the surface modification of lignin, hybrid technologies with carbon black, silica, montmorillonite, and layered double hydroxides (LDHs) . For example, Jana and coworkers reported that lignin/carbon black hybrid fillers, which were obtained by precipitating lignin from solutions onto carbon black particles, could lower the viscoelastic loss of rubber compounds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The aggregation structure regulation of lignin by chemical modification and its effect on the property of lignin/styrene–butadiene rubber composites

Jiang

Yao

et al. 2017

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The aggregation structure of lignin in aqueous solution had an important effect on the dispersion of lignin and the properties of lignin/styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) composites. This article revealed the relationship between aggregation structure and chemical structure of modified lignin. Unmodified lignin was amorphous; however, our results showed that aldehyde-modified lignin was transformed into spherical aggregates, while propylene-oxide-modified lignin self-aggregated into supramolecular domains. The relationships between aggregation structure, filler dispersion, filler-rubber interaction, and performance were also studied by investigating the microstructure, viscoelastic behavior, and mechanical properties of lignin/SBR composites. Meanwhile, a solution to improve the coprecipitation efficiency of lignin and SBR latex was proposed. In this article, epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) was also used as compatibilizer to improve the interfacial adhesion between polar lignin and nonpolar SBR. The results showed better lignin dispersion for the ENR-containing rubber composites, as well as superior wet skid resistance and lower rolling resistance. V C 2017Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 45759.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The aggregation structure regulation of lignin by chemical modification and its effect on the property of lignin/styrene–butadiene rubber composites

Jiang

Yao

et al. 2017

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…Similarly, enhancements of T 5 and T 50 reached 54°C and 69°C ( T 5 of pure EP‐BMI‐DDM was 342°C and its T 50 was 409°C), respectively. These results implied a significant improvement in the thermal stability of the copolymer matrix due to the strong interfacial bonding between OSNPs and the copolymer matrix; the improved thermal stability can hinder heat transport and delay the escape of volatile degradation products within the nanocomposites . Therefore, thermal stability of the nanocomposites remarkably improved, facilitating their applications in various fields.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Effects of silica nanoparticles on tribology performance of poly(Epoxy Resin‐Bismaleimide)‐based nanocomposites

Zhang

Lü

2018

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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Introduction of small nanoparticles into polymer matrix increases the mechanical, tribological, and thermal properties of nanocomposites. In this study, poly(epoxy resin‐bismaleimide‐diaminodiphenylmethane) (EP‐BMI‐DDM) copolymers filled with silica nanoparticles (SNPs) were successfully fabricated through in situ suspension polymerization. To enhance the interfacial adhesion of silica particles to the polymer matrix, the nanoparticles were organo‐modified by silane coupling agent. Results of tensile strength test revealed that increased toughness of the composites was attributed to the microcavitations induced by organo‐modified SNPs (OSNPs). Proper loadings of OSNPs can play a critical role in antifriction performance, with optimal friction coefficient of 0.17 (2 wt% OSNPs content). Thermostabilities of the nanocomposites were characterized by differential thermal gravimetric analysis. At the maximum rate of weight loss of EP‐BMI‐DDM/3 wt% OSNP, the temperature measured 452°C, which is 52°C higher than that of pure EP‐BMI‐DDM copolymers (400°C). The produced nanocomposites feature good thermostability and self‐lubrication can be widely used as wearable material under severe working conditions with higher temperature. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 59:274–283, 2019. © 2018 Society of Plastics Engineers

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“…More loss represents less abrasion resistance. It was noted that the rubber filled with crumb rubber had 20-35 mm 3 of volume loss, lower than those of rubber filled with commercial filler and unfilled rubber, showing a promising application that needs abrasion resistance.…”

Section: Abrasion Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a method to get rid of waste tire rubber, it was made into small granules and added as filler in the new rubber compound [2]. Agricultural waste also gained much attention, for instance, lignin [3] or softwood-lignin [4], short pineapple leaf fibers [5] and rice husk ash (RHA) [6] were added as fillers into the rubber composites. In addition, plastic wastes were also blended to rubber compound such as ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) [7] and waste poly amide [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Properties of Natural Rubber Composites Filled with Starch Sludge Compared with Other Waste and Commercial Fillers

Dechojarassri¹,

Ratikant²,

Charoenrat³

et al. 2017

IJCEA

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Abstract-Mechanical properties of natural rubber composites filled with waste materials including waste tire rubber, rice husk ash and starch sludge were comparatively investigated along with commercial reinforcing fillers, carbon black and silica, using maleated natural rubber (MNR) or silane (Si69) as a coupling agent. It was found that rubber with rice husk ash gave higher tensile strength than ones with starch sludge and waste tire. Rice husk ash gave similar strength to silica and using MNR was better than Si69. Waste fillers gave higher compression set than carbon black and crumb rubber yielded better abrasive resistance than carbon black and silica. It was also seen that mechanical properties decreased with increasing starch sludge loading. The optimum loading is 10 phr starch sludge with 5 phr MNR. These experimental results showed that for certain applications, waste materials could be used as alternative filler in the rubber production.

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A comprehensive study on lignin as a green alternative of silica in natural rubber composites

Cited by 105 publications

References 47 publications

The aggregation structure regulation of lignin by chemical modification and its effect on the property of lignin/styrene–butadiene rubber composites

The aggregation structure regulation of lignin by chemical modification and its effect on the property of lignin/styrene–butadiene rubber composites

Effects of silica nanoparticles on tribology performance of poly(Epoxy Resin‐Bismaleimide)‐based nanocomposites

Mechanical Properties of Natural Rubber Composites Filled with Starch Sludge Compared with Other Waste and Commercial Fillers

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