A Comprehensive Review of the Retroperitoneal Anatomy, Neoplasms, and Pattern of Disease Spread

Osman, Sherif; Lehnert, Bruce E.; Elojeimy, Saeed; Cruite, Irene; Mannelli, Lorenzo; Bhargava, Puneet; Moshiri, Mariam

doi:10.1067/j.cpradiol.2013.02.001

Cited by 76 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Furthermore, lipoma is less common than liposarcoma in the retroperitoneum. Well-differentiated retroperitoneal liposarcomas often recur if a clear margin is not obtained during surgical excision; however, they do not metastasize [4]. On imaging, liposarcomas demonstrate the CT attenuation and MRI signal intensity characteristics of fat.…”

Section: Liposarcomamentioning

confidence: 96%

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The gamut of primary retroperitoneal masses: multimodality evaluation with pathologic correlation

Sangster

Migliaro²,

Heldmann

et al. 2016

Abdom Radiol

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The retroperitoneum is a large space where primary and metastatic tumors grow silently before clinical signs appear. Neoplastic retroperitoneal diseases may be solid or cystic, primary or secondary and range from benign to aggressive in behavior. Retroperitoneal neoplasms are notable for their widely disparate histologies. The solid primary retroperitoneal neoplasms are extremely uncommon and can be classified based on their tissue of origin into three main categories: mesodermal tumors, neurogenic tumors, and extragonadal germ cell tumors. These tumors can grow to a large size before clinical symptoms occur or become palpable. When symptoms do occur, they are nonspecific. The majority of these masses are malignant and imaging plays a pivotal role in the detection, staging, and pre-operative planning. Benign and malignant masses should be distinguished whenever possible to avoid unnecessary surgical procedures. Macroscopic fat, calcification, necrosis, vascularity, and neural foraminal widening are common imaging features helping for tumor differentiation. Meticulous cross-sectional imaging can triage the patient to the most appropriate therapy. Tumor morphology dictates imaging character, and biologic activity is reflected by positron emission tomography (PET). Complete surgical excision with tumor free margins is essential for long-term survival. Biopsy should be performed in consultation with surgical oncology to avoid complicating curative surgery. This pictorial essay illustrates the spectrum of multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) imaging findings in common and uncommon primary retroperitoneal masses, with an emphasis on cross-sectional imaging features for an adequate tumor characterization and staging.

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Section: Liposarcomamentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Mesodermal tumors constitute 47% to 57% of the primary retroperitoneal tumors (Table 3) [1], the vast majority of which (90%) are sarcomas [4]. Yet only 10% to 20% of all sarcomas arise from the retroperitoneum, with an overall incidence of 0.3% to 0.4% per 100,000 of the general population [3].…”

Section: Mesodermal Tumorsmentioning

confidence: 98%

The gamut of primary retroperitoneal masses: multimodality evaluation with pathologic correlation

Sangster

Migliaro²,

Heldmann

et al. 2016

Abdom Radiol

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“…In order to describe these lesions, we here summarize the most comprehensive classification and review published by Dr Yang and colleagues (1). These masses arise within the retroperitoneal space, which is a complex region located behind the peritoneum (1,4,5). This region houses few organs (such as the adrenal glands and kidneys, portions of the duodenum, pancreas and colon, and the esophagus), major vessels (the aorta and inferior cava vein), deep lymphatic vessels and structures, ligaments and fatty tissues (6).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection and management of retroperitoneal cystic lesions: A case report and review of the literature

et al. 2017

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Abstract. The identification of cystic lesions within the retroperitoneal space is a rare event that poses clinicians the challenge of a difficult diagnosis and disease management. Retroperitoneal cystic lesions account for a group of lesions that range from common benign lesions (e.g., lymphoceles developing as a surgical complication) to rare aggressive malignant neoplasms. Currently, in the majority of cases, image-guided procedures allow for a pathological diagnosis to be achieved in these challenging lesions, thus offering the chance of an appropriate treatment; however, the overall clinical assessment of retroperitoneal cysts is highly demanding. The present study reports the management of a representative clinical case, presenting with a voluminous cystic mass able to dislocate cave vein, whose diagnosis was preceded by a deep vein thrombosis. Computed tomography-scan and ultrasound guided percutaneous drainage were performed to achieve the diagnosis. Following the discussion of the current case report, a review of the pathological and radiological characteristics of retroperitoneal cystic lesions is presented.

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“…The differential diagnosis of these lesions includes sarcoma (e.g., liposarcoma, leiomyosarcoma and malignant fibrous histiocytoma), neurogenic tumors, lymphoma and extragonadal germ cell tumors (1). Because the treatment strategies for sarcoma and lymphoma are entirely different, it is important to consider the patient's clinical presentation, radiological imaging and physical findings and results of appropriate histopathological examinations in order to obtain an accurate diagnosis (1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary Retroperitoneal Tumor with Unexpected Gingival Involvement

et al. 2015

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Retroperitoneal tumors present diagnostic challenges, although a definitive diagnosis can be established based on a histopathological analysis. We herein report the case of a 62-year-old woman with a massive retroperitoneal tumor who was referred to our department for surgery. Although we initially planned to perform an incisional biopsy, we unexpectedly detected gingival swelling, and a gingival biopsy subsequently confirmed a pathological diagnosis of Burkitt's lymphoma (BL). We successfully avoided the use of more invasive diagnostic procedures and were able to promptly initiate chemotherapy. Obtaining an immediate pathological diagnosis is essential for providing successful treatment in such cases, as the disease is potentially curable with chemotherapy. BL should therefore be considered in the differential diagnosis of massive retroperitoneal tumors, highlighting the importance of routine systemic screening.

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A Comprehensive Review of the Retroperitoneal Anatomy, Neoplasms, and Pattern of Disease Spread

Cited by 76 publications

References 43 publications

The gamut of primary retroperitoneal masses: multimodality evaluation with pathologic correlation

The gamut of primary retroperitoneal masses: multimodality evaluation with pathologic correlation

Detection and management of retroperitoneal cystic lesions: A case report and review of the literature

Primary Retroperitoneal Tumor with Unexpected Gingival Involvement

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