2020
DOI: 10.1109/access.2020.3010702
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A Comprehensive Review of the Load Forecasting Techniques Using Single and Hybrid Predictive Models

Abstract: Load forecasting is a pivotal part of the power utility companies. To provide load-shedding free and uninterrupted power to the consumer, decision-makers in the utility sector must forecast the future demand for electricity with a minimum amount of error percentage. Load prediction with less percentage of error can save millions of dollars to the utility companies. There are numerous Machine Learning (ML) techniques to amicably forecast the demand of electricity among which the hybrid models show the best resu… Show more

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Cited by 193 publications
(74 citation statements)
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References 152 publications
(152 reference statements)
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“…PLS is a straightforward dimensionality reduction technique that maps the variables in a new feature space with lower dimensions. The Variable Importance of load Patterns (VIP) for 32 features is shown in Regarding Figure 9, the most important features are hour, workday, temperature and lagged load (t − x) with x ∈ [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,11,12,13,17,18,19,20,21,22,23]. Thus, the selected threshold is VIP = 0.5.…”
Section: Data Pre-processing and Feature Engineeringmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…PLS is a straightforward dimensionality reduction technique that maps the variables in a new feature space with lower dimensions. The Variable Importance of load Patterns (VIP) for 32 features is shown in Regarding Figure 9, the most important features are hour, workday, temperature and lagged load (t − x) with x ∈ [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,11,12,13,17,18,19,20,21,22,23]. Thus, the selected threshold is VIP = 0.5.…”
Section: Data Pre-processing and Feature Engineeringmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In order to standardize the SDEM measures, particularly, the Rooted Mean Squared Error (RMSE) and Mean Absolute Error (MAE) measures, the Min-Max normalization method was kept for the evaluation process. In other words, the data is normalized with a magnitude range of [0,1]. The data normalization is calculated as follows: (23) where x t denote the normalized value, x r is the real value.…”
Section: Score Metricsmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Electrical load forecasting is a traditional problem, which has been solved with a number of methods, from statistical methods to approaches that are based on artificial intelligence, in particular neural networks and support vector machines, or more recently based on deep learning [68,69]. Today, the increase of the generation from renewable energy sources has introduced the further high uncertainty, depending on solar irradiance, wind speed and direction, and energy prices.…”
Section: Load and Generation Forecasting (Lgf)mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Because the relationship between many parameters is complex and unstable, electric forecasting can be separated depending on weather conditions and forward load structure. Various machine learning techniques have been proposed using algorithms of varying qualities to predict power loads [4]. Due to the rapid economic growth driven by population growth and the steady increase in electricity demand in large cities, power forecasting plays an essential role in monthly time measurements.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%