A Comprehensive Review of Micro-Inertial Measurement Unit Based Intelligent PIG Multi-Sensor Fusion Technologies for Small-Diameter Pipeline Surveying

Abstract

It is of great importance for pipeline systems to be is efficient, cost-effective and safe during the transportation of the liquids and gases. However, underground pipelines often experience leaks due to corrosion, human destruction or theft, long-term Earth movement, natural disasters and so on. Leakage or explosion of the operating pipeline usually cause great economical loss, environmental pollution or even a threat to citizens, especially when these accidents occur in human-concentrated urban areas. Therefore, the surveying of the routed pipeline is of vital importance for the Pipeline Integrated Management (PIM). In this paper, a comprehensive review of the Micro-Inertial Measurement Unit (MIMU)-based intelligent Pipeline Inspection Gauge (PIG) multi-sensor fusion technologies for the transport of liquids and gases purposed for small-diameter pipeline (D<30cm) surveying is demonstrated. Firstly, four types of typical small-diameter intelligent PIGs and their corresponding pipeline-defects inspection technologies and defects-positioning technologies are investigated according to the various pipeline defects inspection and localization principles. Secondly, the multi-sensor fused pipeline surveying technologies are classified into two main categories, the non-inertial-based and the MIMU-based intelligent PIG surveying technology. Moreover, five schematic diagrams of the MIMU fused intelligent PIG fusion technology is also surveyed and analyzed with details. Thirdly, the potential research directions and challenges of the popular intelligent PIG surveying techniques by multi-sensor fusion system are further presented with details. Finally, the review is comprehensively concluded and demonstrated.

Data-Driven Approaches for Energy Theft Detection: A Comprehensive Review

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Multi-sensor information fusion localization of rare-earth suspended permanent magnet maglev trains based on adaptive Kalman algorithm

“…When using single sensor for positioning of permanent magnet maglev trains, the positioning accuracy is degraded due to the presence of noise and occlusion in the environment, therefore a multi-sensor information fusion method is employed to solve this problem. Multisensor fusion technology applies data fusion [8,9] to target tracking [10], vehicle localization [11] and other fields [12][13][14], which solves some problems of low accuracy in many cases and has broad application prospects and great scientific value [15]. In order to meet the requirements for positioning of permanent magnet magnetic levitation trains, multiple sensors are generally installed on the maglev trains for data acquisition.…”

Extending the Real-Time Kinematics Survey Method to Global Navigation Satellite System-Denied Areas Using a Low-Cost Inertial-Aided Positioning Pole

“…With the rapid development of microelectromechanical system (MEMS) IMUs, diversified product series now provide low-cost MEMS IMU modules and even chips with considerable precision and significant potential for use in these measurements (El-Sheimy & Youssef, 2020). Therefore, MEMS-based inertial navigation systems (INSs) that provide high-frequency smoothed and high-precision navigation information detailing position, velocity, and attitude with significant precision when aided by external information to reduce rapid drift, have been used widely in various applications in navigation and engineering surveys (Schwarz, 1983), such as railway track (Chen et al, 2018;Chen et al, 2015;Gao et al, 2018) and pipeline surveying (Chen et al, 2019;Chowdhury & Abdel-Hafez, 2016;Guan et al, 2020).…”