A Comprehensive Review of Bioactive Peptides from Marine Fungi and Their Biological Significance

Youssef, Fadia S.; Ashour, Mohamed L.; Singab, Abdel Nasser B.; Wink, Michael

doi:10.3390/md17100559

Cited by 80 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Marine-derived fungi are considered an under-utilized resource, with particularly high potential for supply of bioactive compounds [ 1 – 3 ], but also supplying novel enzymes [ 4 ] or functioning as whole biocatalysts [ 5 ]. Their ability to tolerate high salt concentrations may also be beneficial in production of other metabolites, such as platform chemicals which are needed in high concentrations, although genetic modification of marine fungi has focused on enhancing secondary metabolite production [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering marine fungi for conversion of d-galacturonic acid to mucic acid

et al. 2020

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Background: Two marine fungi, a Trichoderma sp. and a Coniochaeta sp., which can grow on d-galacturonic acid and pectin, were selected as hosts to engineer for mucic acid production, assessing the suitability of marine fungi for production of platform chemicals. The pathway for biotechnologcial production of mucic (galactaric) acid from d-galacturonic acid is simple and requires minimal modification of the genome, optimally one deletion and one insertion. d-Galacturonic acid, the main component of pectin, is a potential substrate for bioconversion, since pectin-rich waste is abundant. Results: Trichoderma sp. LF328 and Coniochaeta sp. MF729 were engineered using CRISPR-Cas9 to oxidize d-galacturonic acid to mucic acid, disrupting the endogenous pathway for d-galacturonic acid catabolism when inserting a gene encoding bacterial uronate dehydrogenase. The uronate dehydrogenase was expressed under control of a synthetic expression system, which fucntioned in both marine strains. The marine Trichoderma transformants produced 25 g L −1 mucic acid from d-galacturonic acid in equimolar amounts: the yield was 1.0 to 1.1 g mucic acid [g d-galacturonic acid utilized] −1. d-Xylose and lactose were the preferred co-substrates. The engineered marine Trichoderma sp. was more productive than the best Trichoderma reesei strain (D-161646) described in the literature to date, that had been engineered to produce mucic acid. With marine Coniochaeta transformants, d-glucose was the preferred cosubstrate, but the highest yield was 0.82 g g −1 : a portion of d-galacturonic acid was still metabolized. Coniochaeta sp. transformants produced adequate pectinases to produce mucic acid from pectin, but Trichoderma sp. transformants did not. Conclusions: Both marine species were successfully engineered using CRISPR-Cas9 and the synthetic expression system was functional in both species. Although Coniochaeta sp. transformants produced mucic acid directly from pectin, the metabolism of d-galacturonic acid was not completely disrupted and mucic acid amounts were low. The d-galacturonic pathway was completely disrupted in the transformants of the marine Trichoderma sp., which produced more mucic acid than a previously constructed T. reesei mucic acid producing strain, when grown under similar conditions. This demonstrated that marine fungi may be useful as production organisms, not only for native enzymes or bioactive compounds, but also for other compounds.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering marine fungi for conversion of d-galacturonic acid to mucic acid

et al. 2020

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“…Broadening the knowledge of marine fungi associated with a vast range of biotic and abiotic substrates is becoming more and more important. The reason behind this lies in the ecological relevance that these organisms may play in the oceans and in their possible exploitation as a source of potentially novel enzymes and bioactive compounds (Bovio et al, 2019;Grossart et al, 2019;Overy et al, 2019;Youssef et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal Diversity in the Neptune Forest: Comparison of the Mycobiota of Posidonia oceanica, Flabellia petiolata, and Padina pavonica

et al. 2020

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Fungi are widely distributed in the Oceans, interact with other organisms and play roles that range from pathogenic to mutualistic. The present work focuses on the characterization of the cultivable mycobiota associated with the seagrass Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile collected off the Elba Island (Italy). We identified 102 taxa (mainly Ascomycota) by the mean of a polyphasic approach. Leaves, rhizomes, roots and matte were characterized by unique mycobiota revealing a "plant-part-specificity." The comparison with the mycobiota associated with the green alga Flabellia petiolata and the brown alga Padina pavonica underlined a "substrate specificity." Indeed, despite being part of the same phytocoenosis, these photosynthetic organisms recruit different fungal communities. The mycobiota seems to be necessary for the host's defense and protection, playing, in this way, remarkable ecological roles. Among the 61 species detected in association with P. oceanica (including two species belonging to the newly introduced genus Paralulworthia), 37 were reported for the first time from the Mediterranean Sea.

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“…Marine fungi are a rich source of novel bioactive molecules, probably produced as defense mechanisms. They produce a large number of marine natural products with promising biomedical applications [38], and it is thought that some of these compounds have the potential to proceed in clinical trials for future development of new drugs [56][57][58].…”

Section: Marine Fungimentioning

confidence: 99%

Ten-Year Research Update Review: Antiviral Activities from Marine Organisms

et al. 2020

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Oceans cover more than 70 percent of the surface of our planet and are characterized by huge taxonomic and chemical diversity of marine organisms. Several studies have shown that marine organisms produce a variety of compounds, derived from primary or secondary metabolism, which may have antiviral activities. In particular, certain marine metabolites are active towards a plethora of viruses. Multiple mechanisms of action have been found, as well as different targets. This review gives an overview of the marine-derived compounds discovered in the last 10 years. Even if marine organisms produce a wide variety of different compounds, there is only one compound available on the market, Ara-A, and only another one is in phase I clinical trials, named Griffithsin. The recent pandemic emergency caused by SARS-CoV-2, also known as COVID-19, highlights the need to further invest in this field, in order to shed light on marine compound potentiality and discover new drugs from the sea.

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A Comprehensive Review of Bioactive Peptides from Marine Fungi and Their Biological Significance

Cited by 80 publications

References 55 publications

Engineering marine fungi for conversion of d-galacturonic acid to mucic acid

Engineering marine fungi for conversion of d-galacturonic acid to mucic acid

Fungal Diversity in the Neptune Forest: Comparison of the Mycobiota of Posidonia oceanica, Flabellia petiolata, and Padina pavonica

Ten-Year Research Update Review: Antiviral Activities from Marine Organisms

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