A comprehensive introduction to outrigger and belt-truss system in skyscrapers

Alhaddad, Wael; Halabi, Yahia; Hu, Xu; Lei, Honggang

doi:10.1016/j.istruc.2020.06.028

Cited by 25 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Also, the outrigger can be in many structural forms like the tube-in-tube, frame tube, core wall, and shear wall system with the outer column. The addition of an outrigger in the system will increase the stiffness of the system; will also make axial stress distribution in a column that leads to a decrease in shear lag effect as stated in the article [9]. Damped outrigger concept also has advantages like reducing force induced in the component of control elements in the structure and involves in reducing material usage in construction adding to the economy.…”

Section: Overview Of Outrigger Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Damped outrigger concept also has advantages like reducing force induced in the component of control elements in the structure and involves in reducing material usage in construction adding to the economy. Article [9] states few discomforts like differential shorting and no repetitive construction sequence because of the outrigger at the different levels and construction practice sluggish down. As the number of outriggers increases in tall buildings, its construction cost increases with the difficulty of the construction sequence.…”

Section: Overview Of Outrigger Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Considering all advantages and disadvantages of outrigger structure, there are different types of outrigger depending on the structural material used, the connection of external and internal systems, and depending on its response [9]. Depending on structural material, there are steel outrigger, concrete outrigger, and composite outrigger.…”

Section: Overview Of Outrigger Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Depending on structural material, there are steel outrigger, concrete outrigger, and composite outrigger. Depending on the connection and response of the outrigger, there are rigid (conventional) outrigger, flexible outrigger, damped outrigger, yielding outrigger, offset outrigger, and virtual outrigger [9]. Article [23] states that the conventional outrigger concept is based on the planar concept with the interactions between the core walls, the outrigger arms, and the exterior columns.…”

Section: Overview Of Outrigger Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 represents world's tallest building with the height and name of the building [8]. Alhaddad et al [9] has given a comprehensive introduction on outrigger usage in the tall building; detailing about building name, location, height, material, and outrigger usage is tabulated in the study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Evolution of Outrigger Structural System: A State-of-the-Art Review

2021

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This paper presents the development of the outrigger structural system from the conventional outrigger to damped outrigger concepts. Outrigger structural system development from the conservative design as a rigid connection to a virtual connection with passive control, active control system, semi-active control system to hybrid control system is deliberated. Following brief overviews on history of outriggers, types of the outrigger, analysis of tall buildings without outriggers, formulation of equations for outrigger structure to simplify analysis are elaborated. Different approach to locate optimum positioning of outriggers in tall structure is elucidated. Analysis of outrigger to study its behavior in high-rise buildings using different methods is stated, and review on the damped outrigger system is explicated. This paper tries to highlight the advantages of outrigger structure with semi-active control and performance enhancement of the outrigger system with the effective devices, and enhanced results are also depicted. This review also paves a way for the new area of research in structural control with the incorporation of smart devices and smart technology.

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Section: Overview Of Outrigger Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Overview Of Outrigger Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Overview Of Outrigger Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Overview Of Outrigger Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evolution of Outrigger Structural System: A State-of-the-Art Review

2021

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Fragility assessment of an outrigger structure system based on energy method

Goodarzi

Moradi

Jalali

et al. 2023

Structural Design Tall Build

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Fragility curves development in structures has always been a focus of research interest among structural and earthquake engineers for which the maximum story drift is usually considered as the engineering demand parameter (EDP) known as the conventional approach. This paper aims at calculating the fragility curves of a tall building with outrigger braced system by considering the plastic strain energy as the EDP and compare it with the conventional approach. In addition, the effect of optimizing the position of outriggers on the exceedance probability of the structure under near-and far-fault seismic loadings is investigated in this paper. Fragility curves of this structure in four performance levels including immediate occupancy (IO), life safety (LS), collapse prevention (CP), and instability is extracted based on the conventional method.The fragility curves for the aforementioned performance levels are also extracted based on the plastic strain energy and compared with the conventional approach.The results have demonstrated that optimizing the location of the bracing system would lower the exceedance probability of the structure. Moreover, the exceedance probability of the investigated building with outrigger braced system under far-fault records in various levels is more than that of near-fault records. It is also concluded that the conventional approach would lead to more conservative results compared with the energy approach.

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Influence of core width on the optimization analysis of the outrigger‐braced structure

Chen,

Er,

Pan Iu

2024

Structural Design Tall Build

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SummaryIn this paper, the governing equations of the outrigger‐braced structure are formulated by considering the influence of core‐wall width. The axial forces in the columns are considered as unknowns and the compatibility of the column's axial deformation is considered in formulating the governing equations. Then, the governing equations for the optimum locations of outriggers are formulated by minimizing the top drift of central core wall. After that, the influence of core‐wall width on the optimum outrigger locations, the drift‐reduction efficiency and moment‐reduction efficiency is investigated numerically. Some results are presented for the reference in the preliminary design of the outrigger‐braced structures.

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A comprehensive introduction to outrigger and belt-truss system in skyscrapers

Cited by 25 publications

References 41 publications

Evolution of Outrigger Structural System: A State-of-the-Art Review

Evolution of Outrigger Structural System: A State-of-the-Art Review

Fragility assessment of an outrigger structure system based on energy method

Influence of core width on the optimization analysis of the outrigger‐braced structure

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