A comprehensive evaluation of vat-photopolymerization resins and alumina slurries for ceramic stereolithography

Li, Tao; Chen, Haida; Zhang, Yubei; Gu, Yue; Hu, Chuanqi; Li, Shan; Liu, Bingshan; Duan, Wenyan; Gong, Wei

doi:10.1016/j.ceramint.2022.10.242

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The lack of a chiral center allows for closer packing of polymer chains, strengthening the intermolecular attractions. The downside to the tight packing is the potential to bring higher shrinkage [ 38 , 39 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D Printing Soft Magnet: Binder Study for Vat Photopolymerization of Ferrosilicon Magnetic Composites

Okoruwa,

Sameni,

Borisov

et al. 2023

Polymers

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Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) masking is a 3D printing technique that can produce soft magnetic composite parts to high resolution and complexity for robotics and energy electronics applications. This additive manufacturing technique has the potential to produce larger, lighter-weight, more efficient, and more durable parts for automotive and mechanical applications. This study conducted a binder study to create a low-viscosity and stiff binder capable of loading at least 60 v/v% Fe-6.5 wt%Si particles. Percolation Theory was applied to anticipate the magnetic interaction of suspended particles. A series of binders were formulated, with adjustments to diluent ratios. The behavior of the binders was assessed by studying their rheological properties, conversion rates, and mechanical properties. A post-cure study was conducted across various energy settings using UV, thermal, and a combination of both energy sources to find the combination that provided the best mechanical properties. As a result, 64 v/v% Fe-6.5 wt%Si loading was achieved and cured using UV light of 405 nm wavelength. Vibrating Sample Spectroscopy (VSM) was used to characterize the composite’s magnetic behavior, and a significant increase in saturation magnetization and negligible change in coercivity was observed when the added load exceeded the percolation threshold.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D Printing Soft Magnet: Binder Study for Vat Photopolymerization of Ferrosilicon Magnetic Composites

Okoruwa,

Sameni,

Borisov

et al. 2023

Polymers

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“…The photoinitiator is a substance that promotes the photopolymerization reaction and can be categorized into free radical photoinitiators and cationic photoinitiators. 33 When exposed to light, the photoinitiator converts radiation energy into chemical energy, generating reactive agents such as free radicals and ions. With the participation of these active factors, the photosensitive resin can polymerize adequately.…”

Section: The Composition and Requirement Of Ceramic Slurry For Vpp-ammentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The design and preparation of ceramic slurry for VPP-AM of bone scaffolds are of significant importance. 33 The ceramic slurry mainly consists of ceramic particles and a photosensitive resin system. The choice of ceramic particles in VPP-AM determines the fundamental properties of the initial ceramic slurry and the final printed part.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on vat photopolymerization additive manufacturing of bioactive ceramic bone scaffolds

Guo,

Li,

et al. 2023

J. Mater. Chem. B

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“…Generally, 1,6-Hexanediol diacrylate (HDDA) is one of the most generic monomers used in ceramic VP applications due to its low viscosity and good cross-linking behaviour [ 11 , 12 ]. The mechanical properties of ceramic green bodies can be further improved by mixing HDDA with (meth)acrylate monomers from various functional groups [ 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ], and the overall viscosity of the medium can be reduced by reactive diluents such as N-Vinylpyrrolidone (NVP) [ 4 ], or acryloyl morpholine (ACMO) [ 19 ]. Although print quality and accuracy significantly depend on the viscosity degree of mixtures, the green body strength is another vital factor due to the high peeling forces, such as printing parts in the vertical direction with a viscosity of up to 10,000 mPa·s [ 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite a handful of studies on the optimisation and characterisation of monomers as ceramic binders [ 4 , 19 , 28 , 29 ], a recent review by Leite de Camargo et al [ 12 ] shows that the effect of oligomers on the viscosity of the ceramic binder systems, curing performance (cure depth) and mechanical properties of printed bodies have not been fully studied so far. Therefore, we aim to extend the investigation conducted in the previous study [ 4 ] by understanding the effect of varying the concentrations of the aliphatic urethane and polyester acrylates on the viscosity of the mix, curing performance of the formulation in the LCD printing process, as well as on the mechanical properties of ceramic prints.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Study on Impact of Binder Formulation on Green Body Strength of Vat-Photopolymerisation 3D Printed Silica Ceramics Used in Investment Casting

Basar,

Veliyath,

Tarak

et al. 2023

Polymers

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Additive ceramics manufacturing with vat-photopolymerisation (VP) is a developing field, and the need for suitable printing materials hinders its fast growth. Binder mixtures significantly influence the mechanical properties of printed ceramic bodies by VP, considering their rheological properties, curing performances and green body characteristics. Improving mechanical characteristics and reducing cracks during printing and post-processes is mainly related to binder formulations. The study aims to develop a binder formulation to provide the printed ceramic specimens with additional green strength. The impact on mechanical properties (ultimate tensile strength, flexural strength, Young’s and strain at breakpoint), viscosity and cure performance of Urethane Acrylate (UA) and thermoplastic Polyether Acrylate (PEA) oligomers to monofunctional N-Vinylpyrrolidone (NVP), 1,6-Hexanediol Diacrylate (HDDA) and Tri-functional Photocentric 34 (PC34) monomers were investigated under varying concentrations. The best mechanical characteristic was showcased when the PC34 was replaced with 20–30 wt.% of UA in the organic medium. The Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and sintering test outcomes revealed that increasing the content of NVP in the organic medium (above 15 wt.%) leads to uncontrolled thermal degradation during debinding and defects on ceramic parts after sintering. The negative effect of UA on the viscosity of ceramic-loaded mixtures was controlled by eliminating the PC34 compound with NVP and HDDA, and optimum mechanical properties were achieved at 15 wt.% of NVP and 65 wt.% of HDDA. PEA is added to provide additional flexibility to the ceramic parts. It was found that strain and other mechanical parameters peaked at 15 wt.% of PEA. The study formulated the most suitable binder formulation on the green body strength of printing silica ceramics as 50 wt.% HDDA, 20 wt.% Urethane Acrylate, 15 wt.% NVP and 15 wt.% PEA.

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A comprehensive evaluation of vat-photopolymerization resins and alumina slurries for ceramic stereolithography

Cited by 10 publications

References 28 publications

3D Printing Soft Magnet: Binder Study for Vat Photopolymerization of Ferrosilicon Magnetic Composites

3D Printing Soft Magnet: Binder Study for Vat Photopolymerization of Ferrosilicon Magnetic Composites

Review on vat photopolymerization additive manufacturing of bioactive ceramic bone scaffolds

A Systematic Study on Impact of Binder Formulation on Green Body Strength of Vat-Photopolymerisation 3D Printed Silica Ceramics Used in Investment Casting

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