A comprehensive assessment of maximum power point tracking techniques under uniform and non-uniform irradiance and its impact on photovoltaic systems: A review

Abstract

Under shading condition, the power–voltage characteristics of the photovoltaic (PV) modules exhibit complexity with multiple numbers of peaks. Existence of multiple peaks leads to additional difficulties in tracking maximum power point (MPP) and shall mar efficiency of PV arrays under shading, if appropriate measures are not taken. It is due to the nonlinear characteristics of PV cell, maximum power can be extracted under particular weather condition. Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) techniques are used to maximize PV array output power continuously, by tracking MPP, the location of which depends on atmospheric temperature and solar insolation. The major drawbacks of traditional MPPT techniques are that they are unable to track global peak under non-uniform irradiance/insolation. Numerous techniques are reported in literature to find MPP in both under uniform insolation and partial shading condition. This paper presents a comprehensive review of various MPPT techniques under uniform and non-uniform irradiances and comparatively evaluates them for their merits and demerits. The review is helpful in selecting appropriate MPPT techniques and adjudges its impact on the given solar PV applications.

Investigation of MPPT Techniques Under Uniform and Non-Uniform Solar Irradiation Condition–A Retrospection

“…The HC operational methodology is outlined in Table 3, where the fixed δ step size may be used, but this does not guarantee a fixed voltage change [31], [32]. Furthermore, the conventional HC method fails to track the MPP effectively under intermittent weather conditions because of a steady duty cycle [15].…”

“…In addition to this, Salam et all in [14] have identified soft computing MPPT techniques as a possible option. However, a minimal number of reviews [9], [15] discussed on MPPT under uniform solar irradiance and PSC conditions. "Google Scholar" survey for last five years was conducted from 2015 to 2020 to investigate how many review article has been published on "Maximum Power Point Tracking" and "Maximum Power Point Tracking Under Uniform Solar Irradiations", "Under Non-Uniform Solar Irradiation" and "Hybrid Optimization MPPT" On the first search on Maximum Power Point Tracking, we found seventy-one review articles when the search was specified and narrowed to "Uniform Solar Irradiations" four review papers, on "Non-Uniform Solar Irradiation" seven and on "Hybrid Optimization MPPT" no review articles were found.…”

Improving power quality and load profile using PV‐Battery‐SAPF system with metaheuristic tuning and its HIL validation

“…9 To obtain the MPP, various techniques such as perturb and observe (P&O), incremental and conductance (I&C), fuzzy logic (FL), neural network (NN), and sliding mode control are illustrated in the literature. [10][11][12][13] P&O and I&C are unable to tackle deviations of MPP due to varying climatic changes and are dependent on the perturbation step size. Genetic algorithm-based MPPT is unable to find the optimal point satisfactorily under fluctuating weather conditions.…”

“…A low-pass filter is used to clear the DC components. The d and q-axes currents consist of fundamental and harmonic segments as in Equation (10) and (11) as follows:…”

“…The power delivered from a PV panel varies with environmental conditions, so the maximum power is extracted from a PV module at different irradiance and temperature using maximum power point tracking (MPPT) strategies . To obtain the MPP, various techniques such as perturb and observe (P&O), incremental and conductance (I&C), fuzzy logic (FL), neural network (NN), and sliding mode control are illustrated in the literature . P&O and I&C are unable to tackle deviations of MPP due to varying climatic changes and are dependent on the perturbation step size.…”