A comparison of two sources of methionine supplemented at different levels on heat shock protein 70 expression and oxidative stress product of Peking ducks subjected to heat stress

Abstract

SummaryThe aim of this study was to examine the effects of different sources and levels of | INTRODUCTIONBirds were vulnerable to high temperatures during summer because of the insufficient heat dissipation after a meal, especially possible for waterfowl (e.g., duck). Heat stress (HS) badly effects on both immune function and production (Humphrey, 2006). Further, HS results in negative effects on growth performance and the relevant mechanisms were explored to mitigate the negative effects (Quinteirofilho et al., 2010;Quinteiro-Filho et al., 2012;Sandhu, Mirza, Afzal, & Mukhtar, 2012;Song et al., 2013). On the cellular level, high temperature promotes proteolysis and induces the production of excessive free radicals which caused oxidative stress damaging different organs of the body (Del Vesco et al., 2015), such as the liver and intestine. | MATERIALS AND METHODSThe study was conducted in a research farm (Hebei, China), and all procedures described here were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of the China Agricultural University (Beijing, China). | Animals and dietsA total of 720 four-day-old Peking ducks were randomly allotted to Table 1. And, the highest, the lowest and the comfortable temperature during study are shown in Table 2. In addition, mortality was recorded daily during the entire trial. And, mortality was almost no. | Sample collectionSix birds per treatment were randomly selected at 16 and 35 day age and euthanized by CO 2 inhalation and decapitation. Liver samples (~2 g) were collected and separated into two portions. Tissue samples were snap frozen immediately in liquid nitrogen and then stored at −80°C and −40°C until further qRT-PCR and protein carbonylation content analyses respectively. Tissue samples (~5-8 mm) were taken

Effects of Chronic Heat Stress on Lung and Growth Performance in Cherry-Valley Ducks under Different Ambient Temperatures

“…Nevertheless, the GO functional annotations indicated that DEGs in both W20/W29 and W20/W320 were involved in three biological processes: 'cellular response to external stimulus', 'response to extracellular stimulus' and 'cellular response to extracellular stimulus'. The genes may play important roles in responding to HS [46][47][48]. In the category of molecular function, only the term 'epidermal growth factor binding' was enriched in both W20/W29 and W20/W320.…”

Dietary supplementation with 2-hydroxy-4-methyl(thio) butanoic acid and DL-methionine improves productive performance, egg quality and redox status of commercial laying ducks

“…(2016) reported that HMTBa and DL-Met had similar efficacy during the first 3 wk of life. Supplementation of DL-Met in diets might ameliorate the oxidative status of the liver, while HMTBa would partially improve the intestinal oxidative status of Peking ducks ( Guo et al., 2018 ). These reports indicate that there is an inconsistency pertaining to the comparison of HMTBa to DL-Met in different species, age, and response variables.…”