A comparison of spatial heterogeneity of vesicular–arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in two maple-forest soils

Klironomos, John N.; Moutoglis, Peter; Kendrick, Bryce; Widden, Paul

doi:10.1139/b93-178

Cited by 104 publications

(55 citation statements)

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“…Variations in moisture (Anderson et al, 1983), organic matter content (Klironomos et al, 1993), pH (Robson & Abbott, 1989), and temperature (Koske, 1987) may affect abundance of AMF spores.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities in native and in replanted Araucaria forest

Moreira¹,

Baretta

Tsai³

et al. 2009

Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.)

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Araucaria angustifolia is an important Brazilian conifer, but it is endangered of extinction due to excessive logging. The objective of the present case study was to survey data on the diversity of AMF in Araucaria angustifolia forests, and to learn whether it is possible to discriminate between the AMF communities associated with natural, introduced, and impacted-byanthropogenic-action ecosystems. Three ecosystems representative of the Campos do Jordão (São Paulo State, Brazil) region were selected, as follows: (i) a native climax forest, with predominance of Araucaria trees, without anthropogenic interference (NF), (ii) Araucaria forest introduced in 1959 (RE), and (iii) Araucaria forest introduced in 1958, submitted to accidental fire in July 2001 (RF). Sampling of rhizosphere soil was performed at a 0-20 cm depth around each Araucaria tree, and 2 m from the trunk, in the months of May and October, 2002. AMF spores were separated from the soil, counted, and taxonomically identified, while the roots were evaluated for mycorrhizal colonization. The ecological indices R (Richness), Is (Simpson's dominance index) and H (Shannon's diversity index) were calculated. All the data were submitted to univariate (two-way ANOVA) and correspondence analysis (CA). Considering both samplings and the three areas, twenty-six AMF species were found, distributed among five genera, Acaulospora and Glomus being the most frequent ones. There were no differences among the three areas for R, Is, and H. CA demonstrated that there is a spatial separation among the three areas, and the AMF that preferentially associated with each area.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities in native and in replanted Araucaria forest

Moreira¹,

Baretta

Tsai³

et al. 2009

Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.)

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“…Thus, in forests inoculum potential could be influenced by a bewildering array of soil and host plant characteristics. Heterogeneity in inoculum potential in soils has been observed at both small (from adjacent cores), and larger scales (among transects, Brundrett and Abbott 1995), over different soil types (Porter 1979, Klironomos et al 1993, Klironomos 1995, gradients in disturbance (Koide and Mooney 1987, Alexander et al 1992, Fischer et al 1994, Boerner et al 1996, Brundrett et al 1996b, and vegetation types (Koide and Mooney 1987, Asbjornsen and Montagnini 1994, Brundrett et al 1996a. To test whether heterogeneity in inoculum potential varies predictably with host tree or soil factors within a temperate broadleaved forest we used a bioassay.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterogeneity in Inoculum Potential and Effectiveness of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi

Lovelock¹,

Miller²

2002

Ecology

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Abstract. Arbuscular mycorrhizae are symbiotic associations among glomalean fungi and plant roots that often lead to enhanced water and nutrient uptake and plant growth. We describe experiments to test whether inoculum potential of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal communities varies spatially within a broadleaf temperate forest, and also whether there is variability in the effectiveness of AM fungal communities in enhancing seedling growth. Inoculum potential of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in a temperate broad-leaved forest did not vary significantly among sites. Inoculum potential, measured as the extent to which the roots of red maple seedlings that had been germinated on sterile sand and then transplanted into the forest, were colonized by AM fungi, was similar in floodplain and higher elevation sites. It was as similar under ectomycorrhizal oaks as it was under red maples and other AM tree species. It was also similar among sites with deciduous understory shrubs with arbuscular mycorrhizae (spicebush, Lindera benzoin) and those with evergreen vegetation with ericoid mycorrhizae (mountain laurel, Kalmia latifolia). Where spicebush was the dominant understory shrub, inoculum potential was greater under gaps in the canopy than within the understory. Survivorship of transplanted red maple seedlings varied significantly over sites but was not strongly correlated with measures of inoculum potential.In a greenhouse growth experiment, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities obtained from tree roots from the forest had different effects on plant growth. Seedlings inoculated with roots of red maple had twice the leaf area after 10 wk of growth compared to the AM community obtained from roots of southern red oaks. Thus, although there appears to be little heterogeneity in inoculum potential in the forest, there are differences in the effectiveness of different inocula. These effects have the potential to affect tree species diversity in forests by modifying patterns of seedling recruitment.

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“…This variation could attribute to the differences in soil moisture and organic matter contents of both regions and could influence the growth and chemical constituents of S. persica collected from these regions. Fitter et al (2000) and Jeffries et al (2003) type has been reported to affect the degree of specialization exhibited by AMF (Klironomos et al,1993) as well as their growth and colonization (Abler, 2004). Many reports have shown that AMF play an important role in helping plants withstand water deficiency (Augé, 2001;Augé, 2004;Aroca et al, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of two different habitats on some primary and secondary phytochemicals of Miswak (Salvadora persica L.)

Al-Ghamdi¹,

El-Zohri²

2017

Afr. J. Biotechnol.

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Salvadora persica is a popular medicinal plant in the Middle East countries. It is well adapted to a wide range of habitats. In this study we have compared the effect of two different habitats (Al-ahsabah valley and Shada Mountain) in Al-Baha City, south west of Saudi Arabia on the content of some primary and secondary metabolites in S. persica. The results show that soil texture, soil moisture and organic matter contents varied in the studied regions. This variation was accompanied by differences in total count and distribution of Mycorrhizal spores in both studied habitats. Soil total count of mycorrhizal spores and root colonization percentage in Shada Mountain was significantly higher than that in AlAhsabah valley. Moisture content, carbohydrates, proteins and amino acids concentrations in leaves and roots of plants collected from Al-ahsabah valley were significantly higher than those collected from Shada Mountain. Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis showed that benzene, (isothiocyanatomethyl) was the most abundant analyt in both extracts. There was a slight variation in the secondary metabolites pattern, where benzene, 1-isocyano-2-methyl-in extract of S. persica roots collected from Al-Ahsabah valley substituted with Benzyl nitrile in S. persica roots of Shada Mountain. Taken together we could conclude that, different habitats in the studied regions affect markedly the concentration of its primary metabolites and to less extent the secondary metabolites. Isolation of the active phytochemical constituents from plants of different habitats and studding of its biological activity will definitely give fruitful results.

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A comparison of spatial heterogeneity of vesicular–arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in two maple-forest soils

Cited by 104 publications

References 0 publications

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities in native and in replanted Araucaria forest

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities in native and in replanted Araucaria forest

Heterogeneity in Inoculum Potential and Effectiveness of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi

Effect of two different habitats on some primary and secondary phytochemicals of Miswak (Salvadora persica L.)

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