A comparison of oculomotor and motion parallax cues of egocentric distance

Gogel, Walter C.; Tietz, Jerome D.

doi:10.1016/0042-6989(79)90013-0

Cited by 64 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…A number ofstudies have been performed to investigate distance perception via absolute motion parallax generated by side-to-side head movements (Eriksson, 1974;Ferris, 1972;Foley, 1977Foley, , 1978Foley & Held, 1972;Gogel & Tietz, 1973, 1979Johansson, 1973;B.1.Rogers, 1993), but few have included measures of definite distance perception (see Bingham & Pagano, 1998, for a discussion). Gogel and Tietz (1979) investigated how well monocular observers could perceive the distance ofa single lighted point in the dark with side-to-side head movements.…”

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“…Gogel and Tietz (1979) investigated how well monocular observers could perceive the distance ofa single lighted point in the dark with side-to-side head movements. When mean judgments were plotted as a function of actual distances, the slope was less than one ("'.7), and nearer targets (30 ern) were overestimated, whereas far targets (96.4 ern) were judged accurately.…”

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Reaching measures of monocular distance perception: Forward versus side-to-side head movements and haptic feedback

Wickelgren

McConnell

Bingham

2000

Perception & Psychophysics

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Weinvestigated whether forward or side-to-side head movements yielded more accurate and precise monocular egocentric distance information, as shown by performance in a reaching task. Observers wore a head-mounted camera and display to isolate the optic flow generated by their head movements and had to reach to align a stylus directly under a target surface. Performance in the two head movement conditions was also tested with normal monocular vision. Wetested performance in the two head movement conditions when the observers were given haptic feedback and compared performance when haptic feedback was removed. Performance was both more accurate and more precise in the forward head movement condition than in the side-to-side head movement condition. Performance in the side-to-side condition also deteriorated more after the removal of haptic feedback than did performance in the forward head movement condition. In the normal monocular condition, performance was comparable for the two head movement conditions. The implications for enucleated patients are discussed.A problem in perceiving definite distances is that spatial metrics are lost in the projection from surfaces into optical patterns (Bingham, 1993b;Bingham & Pagano, 1998)1. So, how do people obtain information about definite distances? This problem is especially salient for enucleated patients (people who have had one eye removed and are thus permanently monocular), because they cannot use binocular vision to obtain distance information. Despite this, monocular people do not appear to have large problems performing everyday tasks that require perceiving the distance of objects. We do not normally see people walk into walls or misguide their reach when they aim to grab a coffee mug. So, definite distance must somehow be perceived. One possible source of information arises from the patterns of optic flow produced by voluntary self-movement, which is necessarily accompanied by somatosensory information about head movement. Such information about the distance or velocity of head movements could be used to scale optic flow information about distance (Bingham & Stassen, 1994; S. Rogers & B. 1. Rogers, 1992).The possibility of using head movements to scale distance is especially important for monocular observers. Servos, Goodale, and Jakobson (1992) compared the abilities ofmonocular and binocular observers to use vision to guide reaching. They found that in normal lighting, monocular observers underestimated distance, relative to binocThis research was supported by the National Institute of Health, NEI Grant I ROI EY1l741-0IA. We thank Michael Muchisky for assistance in data collection, as well as G. John Andersen and two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments and suggestions on an earlier draft of this manuscript. Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to E. A. Wickelgren, Department of Psychology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405 (e-mail: ewickelg@indiana.edu). ular observers. The monocular reaches took longer and had lower pe...

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Reaching measures of monocular distance perception: Forward versus side-to-side head movements and haptic feedback

Wickelgren

McConnell

Bingham

2000

Perception & Psychophysics

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“…A second objective of the study is to examine whether the apparent-distance/pivot-distance hypothesis, which has been shown to apply successfully to a test object presented in a dark surround (Gogel, 1982;Gogel & Tietz, 1979), will apply also when objects in addition to the test object are visible. For this purpose, the visual alley in which the test object was presented was lined with a patterned (polka dot) cloth.…”

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Agreement between indirect measures of perceived distance

Gogel

Loomis

Newman

et al. 1985

Perception & Psychophysics

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“…When graphical plots of perceived distances as a function of physical distances show a line parallel to abscissa, this indicates contradictory visual information, and when show a perfect fit, indicates consistent visual information (33) . Their graphical plots for reduced-cue conditions for both indicators showed the parallel pattern, as our results presented a linear almost perfectly adjusted pattern, at least for binocular conditions.…”

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Perceptual constancy in judgments of egocentric distance: prevailing binocular information

Matsushima¹,

Douchkin²,

Filho³

et al. 2003

Arq. Bras. Oftalmol.

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Binocular cues were considered the prevailing information on specifying depth since the beginning of vision research. In the present study, two perceptual responses, the classical verbal report and a more recent method, open-loop walking, were used to assess the role of binocular information for egocentric distance perception. In two cue conditions environments, full-and reduced-cue, observers judged and walked egocentric distances of stimuli presented at eye-level, under binocular or monocular viewing. Results indicated perceptual constancy for open-loop walking and binocular responses, as well as poor performances under strong degradation on visual information (reduced-cue under monocular viewing), thus presenting evidence to support the fundamental role of binocular information on perception of egocentric distances. Besides that, visually directed actions could be adequate measures of perceived distance, with a better reliability than verbal report, since they were quite free of intrusion of inferential processes and perceptual tendencies. In addition, reduced head movements, side-to-side as well as back and forth deflexion movements, could have contributed to a near perfect coupling between binocular disparity information and open-loop walking responses.

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A comparison of oculomotor and motion parallax cues of egocentric distance

Cited by 64 publications

References 12 publications

Reaching measures of monocular distance perception: Forward versus side-to-side head movements and haptic feedback

Reaching measures of monocular distance perception: Forward versus side-to-side head movements and haptic feedback

Agreement between indirect measures of perceived distance

Perceptual constancy in judgments of egocentric distance: prevailing binocular information

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