A comparison of mandibular and maxillary alveolar osteogenesis over six weeks: a radiological examination

Abstract

IntroductionInsufficient information exists on comparing radiological differences in bone density of the regeneration rate in the alveolar bone of the maxilla and mandible following the creation of similar defects in both.MethodsAlveolar bone defects were created from five healthy Chacma baboons. Standardized x-ray images were acquired over time and the densities of the selected defect areas were measured pre-operatively, directly post-operatively and at three- and six weeks post-operatively. Differences in densities were statistically tested using ANOVA.ResultsThe maxilla was significantly more radiologically dense (p = 0.026) than the mandible pre- operatively. No differences were obtained between the maxilla and mandible directly postoperatively and three- and six weeks post-operatively respectively; i.e. densities were not significantly different at the different time points after the defects had been created (three weeks: t = 1.08, p = 0.30; six weeks: t = 1.35, p = 0.19; three to six weeks: t = 1.20, p =0.25). The increase in density in the mandible was 106% (8.9 ± 7.6%/time versus 4.3 ± 2.7%/time) over three weeks, 28% (15.0 ± 8.1%/time versus 11.7 ± 8.0%/time) over six weeks and 56% (12.5 ± 9.7%/time versus 8.0 ± 6.9%/time) over three-to-six weeks and was higher than in the maxilla over the same intervals.ConclusionsRadiological examination with its standardized gray-scale analysis can be used to determine the difference in bone density of the maxilla and mandible. Although not statistically significant, the mandible healed at a faster rate than the maxilla, especially observed during the first three weeks after the defects were created.

<p>Treatment of an Endo-Perio Lesion with Ozone Gas in a Patient with Aggressive Periodontitis: A Clinical Case Report and Literature Review</p>

“… 16 Although the small number of observed cases does not allow definitive conclusions, endo-perio lesions in the mandible seem to heal faster than those in the maxilla. This preliminary assumption was confirmed by Kotze et al, 47 who reported a 106% higher rate of bone regeneration in the mandible compared with the maxilla. Further clinical trials are needed to prove faster regeneration rates in mandible endo-perio lesions compared with the maxilla.…”

A radiological evaluation of alveolar bone regeneration between the left and right mandibles and maxillae of the Chacma baboon

“…Approval for the study was granted by both the Animal Use and Care Committee (AUCC) and a subcommittee of the Committee for Research Ethics and Integrity at the University of Pretoria and North West University (Kotze et al . 2014 ). The animals were anaesthetised with ketamine hydrochloride (10 mg/kg), and haemostasis and pain were controlled with 1.8 mL (9 mg) bupivacaine with 0.5% epinephrine 1:200 000 (as bitartrate) (Novocol, Pharmaceuticals of Canada.…”

“…The analysis of the data was standardised and repeatable, which implies that there was no reason to measure inter-observer variation (Kotze et al . 2014 ). The method used was described by Kotze et al .…”

“…Periodic changes (actual and percentage) were analysed using the two-sample t -test within each time point to compare the left and right sides of the mandible and maxilla (Kotze et al . 2014 ).…”

“…It has been demonstrated that there is a significant difference in the alveolar BD between the maxilla and mandible at different sites (Kotze et al . 2014 ; Park et al . 2008 ).…”