“…A single environmental variable (referred to in this study as "mosquito risk") that represented the results of our earlier GWR model (Kala, Tiwari et al 2017) was derived from analysis of environmental 8 parameters (stream density, surface temperature, surface slope, cultivated land, developed land, road density, vegetation type, evapotranspiration rate).) Mosquito risk was found to be statistically significantly related to annual WNV-infected dead birds sentinel data, averaged for the 2004-2010 Kala, Tiwari et al (2017).Annual WNVinfected dead birds sentinel data has been shown to be useful for estimating human WNV risk by multiple studies (Eidson, Komar et al 2001, Eidson, Miller et al 2001, Guptill, Julian et al 2003, Mostashari, Kulldorff et al 2003, Ruiz, Tedesco et al 2004, Johnson, Eidson et al 2006, Nielsen and Reisen 2007, Patnaik, Juliusson et al 2007, Chaintoutis, Dovas et al 2014. The mosquito risk model resulted in a risk surface with a range of 0 to10.…”