A Comparison of Frontal Plane Projection Angle Across Landing Tasks in Female Gymnasts

Comfort, Paul; Colclough, A.; Herrington, Lee

doi:10.1123/ijatt.2015-0068

Cited by 3 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Landing technique in women's gymnastics, in terms of knee valgus and FPPA, has received limited research, even though the ACL has been reported to be the most common site of knee injury (Majewski et al, 2006 (Comfort et al, 2016). More importantly, these baseline values are greater than the normative FPPA values previously reported by Herrington and Munro (2010) who suggest that individuals who demonstrate FPPAs greater than 7-13° for a drop landing task may be at risk of injury to the patellofemoral joint or ACL Wilson & Davis, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…This 2D method has been reported to provide reliable measures of FPPA for movements that occur in the frontal plane (Munro et al, 2012) and can be used to successfully screen people at risk of injuries that arise from dynamic knee valgus angles . More recently this method was also reported to be reliable in assessing FPPA during drop landings and landing during a tuck back somersault in female gymnasts (Comfort, Colclough, & Herrington, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Reduced knee flexion during landing is ideal for high scores based on the scoring criteria within gymnastics, but this may result in increased forces at landing and add to ACL strain, which may be a contributing factor to knee injuries (Marinsek, 2010;Utturkar et al, 2013). Additionally, high FPPA angles have been reported in young female gymnasts during jump landings and landing from a tuck back somersault (Comfort et al, 2016) which may partially be a compensatory strategy for the limited knee flexion in order to attenuate the landing forces.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While high FPPA have been reported in young female gymnasts (Comfort et al, 2016) currently no researchers appear to have investigated the effects of injury prevention training programs on FPPA in female gymnasts. This is surprising, considering the fact that gymnasts perform multiple landings, consisting of high loads, great heights, and frequent rotation of the body in excess of 200 times within the typical training week (Marinsek, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A single experimenter measured and calculated the angles. Calculation of the FPPA involved drawing a line from the marker at the anterior superior iliac spine and the marker at the middle of the tibiofemoral joint and another line from this point to the marker at the midpoint of the ankle malleoli, with the angle calculated via the software, in line with previous research(Comfort et al, 2016;Munro et al, 2012).…”

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confidence: 99%

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The effects of a four week jump-training program on frontal plane projection angle in female gymnasts

Colclough

Munro

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et al. 2018

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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The effects of a four week jump-training program on frontal plane projection angle in female gymnasts

Colclough

Munro

Herrington

et al. 2018

Physical Therapy in Sport

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Comparative Analysis of the Effect of the Different Adaptations of the Squat Exercise on the Knee Frontal Plane Projection Angle

2020

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Closed kinetic chain exercises have been employed in rehabilitation and muscle strengthening programs, such as squatting. During the movement of the squat dynamic valgus, a change that affects all kinematics of the lower limb, tends to become exacerbated, necessitating adaptations in order to minimize the biomechanical disorder. Although studies have shown the effectiveness of squatting exercises, there is a lack of evidence to demonstrate, comparatively, the effectiveness of different adaptations in the decrease of dynamic valgus. The objective of the study was to evaluate to identify the efficacy of different adaptations in squatting exercise in the reduction of dynamic valgus. Therefore, study volunteers (n = 30) performed three types of squats: free squatting, squatting with elastic band and squatting with verbal command. The dynamic valgus wasmeasured by the knee frontal plane projection angle during the squatting movements, through captured images and analyzed by the software Tracker and ImageJ. Despite more cases in women, in both sexes, free squatting presented greater cases of medicalization of the knee than in comparison to the other two adaptations. Although both squat adaptations presented positive results, only squatting with verbal command showed a significant reduction of the dynamic valgus pointing out that this is the best adaptation treated. Keywords: Genu Valgum. Exercise Therapy. Motor Activity. Resumo Exercícios de cadeia cinética fechada vêm sendo empregados em programas de reabilitação e fortalecimento muscular, como é o caso do agachamento. Durante o movimento de agachamento o valgo dinâmico, alteração que afeta toda cinemática do membro inferior, tende a se tornar exacerbado, sendo necessárias adaptações com o intuito de minimizar o distúrbio biomecânico. Embora estudos tenham mostrado a eficácia dos exercícios de agachamento, faltam evidências que demonstrem, comparativamente, a efetividade de diferentes adaptações na minimização do valgo dinâmico. O objetivo do estudo foi identificar a eficácia de diferentes adaptações na execução do exercício de agachamento na redução do valgo dinâmico. Para tanto, os voluntários do estudo (n=30) três tipos de agachamentos: agachamento livre, agachamento com banda elástica e agachamento com comando verbal. O valgo dinâmico foi mensurado mediante o ângulo de projeção no plano frontal do joelho durante os movimentos de agachamento, através de imagens capturadas e posteriormente analisadas pelos softwares Tracker e ImageJ. Apesar de mais casos em mulheres, em ambos os sexos, o agachamento livre apresentou maiores casos de medicalização do joelho do que nas outras duas adaptações. Embora ambas adaptações de agachamento apresentaram resultados positivos, apenas o agachamento com comando verbal apresentou redução significativa do valgo dinâmico, apontando ser esta a melhor adaptação tratada. Palavras-chaves: Geno Valgo. Terapia por Exercício. Atividade Motora.

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Kinetic and Kinematic Analysis of Landing during Standing Back Somersault Using Three Technical Arm Swings in Artistic Gymnastics

Mkaouer

Akkari-Ghazouani

Amara

et al. 2023

JFMK

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The crucial criteria when assessing technical performance in artistic gymnastics is the higher elevation of the gymnast’s body and a stable landing (i.e., stick-landing). The purpose of this study was to compare kinetic and kinematic parameters during the landing phase of standing back somersaults (SBS) following three technical arm-swing performed during the preparatory phase in high-level male gymnasts. The three different arm-swing pertain to three “gymnastics schools”, i.e., Russian, Chinese, and Romanian. Six high-level male gymnasts participated in this study. Three arm-swing with different angles (i.e., SBS270°, SBS180°, and SBS90°) were randomly performed. A 3D kinetic and kinematic analysis was conducted. Results showed significant variation in the landing angle (p = 0.009) across the three arm-swing techniques. The SBS90° arm-swing resulted in the closest angle to the vertical. Additionally, the SBS90° arm-swing technique induced the lowest horizontal and vertical force values upon landing compared to the other arm-swing techniques (SBS270°: p = 0.023 and 0.009, respectively; SBS180°: p = 0.004 and 0.080, respectively). The same was noted for the horizontal velocity (p = 0.021) with the lowest values noted for the SBS90° arm-swing technique. However, the best opening angle was observed during the SBS270° technique, since it presented the best vertical displacement. In conclusion, the SBS with a SBS90° arm-swing seems to favor a better absorption of the ground reaction force upon landing by reducing the intensity of the impact with the ground and by affording a landing angle closer to the vertical in high-level male gymnasts.

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A Comparison of Frontal Plane Projection Angle Across Landing Tasks in Female Gymnasts

Cited by 3 publications

References 9 publications

The effects of a four week jump-training program on frontal plane projection angle in female gymnasts

The effects of a four week jump-training program on frontal plane projection angle in female gymnasts

Comparative Analysis of the Effect of the Different Adaptations of the Squat Exercise on the Knee Frontal Plane Projection Angle

Kinetic and Kinematic Analysis of Landing during Standing Back Somersault Using Three Technical Arm Swings in Artistic Gymnastics

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