A Comparison of Continuous Ultrasound and Pulsed Ultrasound on Soft Tissue Injury Markers in the Rat

Abstract

Abstract. The cellular effects of pulsed and continuous ultrasound on the protein content of muscle after trauma were determined in this study. Rats were subjected to a single impact trauma to the gastrocnemius. Six major treatment groups were employed: (1) uninjured control, (2) injured control, (3) & (4) uninjured ultrasound treated, and (5) & (6) injured ultrasound treated. The ultrasound treated groups were subdivided into continuous ultrasound, and pulsed ultrasound treatments (dosage = 1.0 watts/cm 2 × 5 min), which were given from day 2 to day 7 post-trauma once daily. Animals were sacrificed at 1, 3 and 7 days, the medial gastrocnemius muscle being dissected and solubilized for protein content determination. On day 7 the control injured group had a statistically greater mean protein content than the injured continuous ultrasound treatment group, and the mean protein content of the injured pulsed ultrasound treatment group was statistically greater than both the injured control or the injured continuous ultrasound treatment groups (one way ANOVA, P<0.05). The means of all three uninjured control groups were not significantly different at day 1 or 7. Within each group, only the control injured (18% or 44 mg increase ± 17 mg) and the injured pulsed ultrasound treatment (7% or 22 mg increase ± 9 mg) groups showed statistically significant changes (95% Confidence Interval) in protein content from day 1 to day 7. All other treatment groups showed no statistically significant increases.

Efeitos agudos do ultrassom terapêutico de 1-MHz na desobstrução nasal de indivíduos com rinossinusite crônica

“…[17][18][19][20][21][22] LIUST has been shown to modify cellular and humoral signaling factors, especially the bioavailability of nitrous oxide, thereby regulating interstitial permeability and tissue fluid balance; 9,12,13,29 this in turn results in decongestion of the nasopharyngeal mucosa, regression of interstitial edema and of nasal obstruction/congestion in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis. Supporting this assumption, recent reports in the literature have shown strong correlations among nasal mucosa congestion rates, fibrosis, and vascular density in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis.…”

“…Pulsed ultrasound waves act on a cell and/or molecular level by altering membrane permeability, ionic concentration gradients and cell biochemical activity. [14][15][16][17] More recently, ultrasound has been employed as adjuvant therapy in several conditions such as tissue repair, 16 reduction of muscle and joint pain, 17,18 modulation of inflammation, 19,[20][21][22] and reduction of tendon adhesions. [17][18][19] A few studies have demonstrated that LIUST-induced accelerated skin tissue repair results from local modulation of cell mediators/signalers such as nitric oxide, histamine and other cytokines that are involved in inflammation in healing; it also increases the number of fibroblasts and collagen synthesis.…”

“…[14][15][16][17] More recently, ultrasound has been employed as adjuvant therapy in several conditions such as tissue repair, 16 reduction of muscle and joint pain, 17,18 modulation of inflammation, 19,[20][21][22] and reduction of tendon adhesions. [17][18][19] A few studies have demonstrated that LIUST-induced accelerated skin tissue repair results from local modulation of cell mediators/signalers such as nitric oxide, histamine and other cytokines that are involved in inflammation in healing; it also increases the number of fibroblasts and collagen synthesis. [16][17][18][19] There are few published clinical studies on LIUST as treatment or adjuvant therapy for chronic rhinosinusitis; [9][10][11][12] it seems plausible that LIUST may reduce nasal block and congestion by its physical and chemical effects on tissues, 13,21,22 reestablishing interstitial mucosal permeability, reducing the viscosity of paranasal sinus secretions and helping eliminate nasal discharges.…”

“…[17][18][19] A few studies have demonstrated that LIUST-induced accelerated skin tissue repair results from local modulation of cell mediators/signalers such as nitric oxide, histamine and other cytokines that are involved in inflammation in healing; it also increases the number of fibroblasts and collagen synthesis. [16][17][18][19] There are few published clinical studies on LIUST as treatment or adjuvant therapy for chronic rhinosinusitis; [9][10][11][12] it seems plausible that LIUST may reduce nasal block and congestion by its physical and chemical effects on tissues, 13,21,22 reestablishing interstitial mucosal permeability, reducing the viscosity of paranasal sinus secretions and helping eliminate nasal discharges. [13][14][15] Thus, the main purpose of this study was to evaluate the short-term effects of continuous 1 MHz LIUST on nasal block and the symptoms of subjects with chronic rhinosinusitis.…”

Effect of Therapeutic Pulsed Ultrasound on Lipoperoxidation and Fibrogenesis in an Animal Model of Wound Healing

“…However, there are few studies that demonstrate that therapeutic ultrasound assists in wound healing. Therapeutic ultrasound may be classified as continuous (thermal) or pulsed (nonthermal) [4], and it has been claimed to promote tissue repair, specifically by enhancing cell proliferation and protein synthesis during the healing of skin wounds [5], tendon injuries [6,7], and fractures [8,9].…”