A comparison of between detailed and simple histories in the diagnosis of genital herpes complicating pregnancy

Brown, Zane A.; Benedetti, Jacqueline; Watts, D. Heather; Selke, Stacey; Berry, Sylvia; Ashley, Rhoda; Corey, Lawrence

doi:10.1016/0002-9378(95)91496-x

Cited by 41 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…HSV-2 is the main cause of recurrent genital infections (8). Most primary infections are asymptomatic, and people silently shed virus (14,30,51,57,58). After primary infection, the virus establishes latent infections in the local ganglia and is reactivated frequently, and antibody titers against HSV become detectable in serum samples.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of a Fragment of Glycoprotein G-2 Produced in the Baculovirus Expression System for Detecting Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2-Specific Antibodies

Ikoma¹,

Liljeqvist

Groen

et al. 2002

J Clin Microbiol

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Fragments of glycoprotein G (gG-2 281-594His ), comprising residues 281 to 594 of herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), glycoprotein G of HSV-1 (gG-1 t26-189His ), and glycoprotein D of HSV-1 (gD-1 1-313 ), were expressed in the baculovirus expression system to develop an assay for the detection of HSV-1 and HSV-2 type-specific antibodies. The expression of the gG-1 t26-189His and gG-2 281-594His fragments was analyzed by Western blotting using monoclonal antibodies LP10 and AP1, respectively. The molecular masses of the major products of gG-1 t26-189His and the fragment of gG-2 281-594His were 36 to 39 kDa and 64 to 72 kDa, respectively. Human sera positive for HSV-1 reacted with gG-1 t26-189His , sera positive for HSV-2 reacted with the gG-2 281-594His fragment, and sera positive for both types reacted with gG-1 t26-189His and gG-2 281-594His in Western blotting. The human sera recognized polypeptides of gG-2 281-594His with molecular masses of 57 to 67 and 120 to 150 kDa and additional faint bands of 21, 29, and 45 kDa. The recombinant gG-1 t26-189His and the recombinant gG-2 281-594His fragment were used as type-specific antigens for the detection of HSV-1-and HSV-2-specific antibody responses in human sera, respectively. As type-common antigens, an extract of HSV-1-infected Vero cells and recombinant gD-1 1-313 were used. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect type-specific antibodies was developed, and the sensitivity and specificity were evaluated by comparison with commercial tests by using sera obtained from different sources. The sensitivity and specificity were 91.5 and 95.5%, respectively, compared to the Gull assay. The gG-2 281-594His fragment can be obtained in relatively large quantities at low cost.Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and HSV-2 are well known as similar subtypes of HSV (38). HSV-2 is the main cause of recurrent genital infections (8). Most primary infections are asymptomatic, and people silently shed virus (14,30,51,57,58). After primary infection, the virus establishes latent infections in the local ganglia and is reactivated frequently, and antibody titers against HSV become detectable in serum samples. Many of the HSV-2 reactivations are asymptomatic and clinically not recognized (15,30,39,40,57). Most HSV infections are transmitted in the absence of lesions (17,57,58). Severe, generalized infections are seen particularly in neonates and immunocompromised (human immunodeficiency virus-infected) patients. Epidemiological studies indicate that in developed countries there is an ongoing HSV-2 epidemic with a significant rise in HSV-2 prevalence. Risk factors for acquiring HSV-2 infections are related to sexual life style, gender, race, and socioeconomic status. HSV type-specific antibody testing may be considered in a number of at-risk situations. Thus, identification of HSV-2-infected individuals may be important to reduce the risk of transmission in these groups.Laboratory diagnosis of HSV infections is based on direct detection of the virus and on serology (2, 16). Viru...

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of a Fragment of Glycoprotein G-2 Produced in the Baculovirus Expression System for Detecting Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2-Specific Antibodies

Ikoma¹,

Liljeqvist

Groen

et al. 2002

J Clin Microbiol

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“…Im Gegensatz zum primären Herpes genitalis wird das Herpesrezidiv von prodromalen Beschwerden wie Hyper-und Dysästhesie und Schmerzen angekündigt, wobei Juckreiz nicht im Vordergrund steht ("Der Herpes schmerzt und die Candida juckt"). [3]. Die HSV-Übertragung ist auch durch asymptomatisches "VirusShedding" möglich.…”

Section: Herpes Genitalisunclassified

Herpes-simplex-Virusinfektionen

Gross

2004

Hautarzt

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The herpes simplex viruses type 1 and 2 (HSV 1 and 2) as typical members of the larger herpes virus group have the tendency to become latent after an inapparent primary infection. They are transmitted from person to person during episodes of reactivation. HSV 1 and 2 usually cause harmless mucosal infections. Usually HSV are kept in check by the immune system. An impaired immune response leads to HSV infections which can be life-threatening. Genital HSV infections are an important cause of genital ulcerations, and HSV 2 is a predisposing factor for HIV and AIDS. Worldwide the diagnostic possibilities for HSV are often inadequate. Despite the availability of modern chemotherapeutic agents, the treatment of HSV infections is in many cases less than satisfactory. Dermatologists play a major role in the early diagnosis and effective therapy of these infections. In this paper, the latest diagnostic and therapeutic, as well as prophylactic measures and vaccines, are reviewed.

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“…Clinical diagnosis is fallible even with experienced clinicians and may result in misdiagnosis [19,20]. The high rate of false-negative cultures means that a negative culture never rules out genital herpes infection.…”

Section: Confirmation Of Clinical Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Type-specific serologic testing for herpes simplex virus-2

Leone

2003

Curr Infect Dis Rep

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Genital herpes due to infection with herpes simplex virus-2 (HSV-2) affects an estimated 60 million adults in the United States. Over 90% are unaware of their infection but are at risk of transmitting HSV to partners. This ongoing "silent" disease is responsible for the continued increase in HSV prevalence. The recent advent of type-specific serologic tests has allowed accurate differentiation of HSV-1 and HSV-2 infection. Screening of at-risk populations will allow identification of individuals with genital herpes and provide an opportunity for risk reduction counseling and interventions to reduce transmission.

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A comparison of between detailed and simple histories in the diagnosis of genital herpes complicating pregnancy

Cited by 41 publications

References 14 publications

Use of a Fragment of Glycoprotein G-2 Produced in the Baculovirus Expression System for Detecting Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2-Specific Antibodies

Use of a Fragment of Glycoprotein G-2 Produced in the Baculovirus Expression System for Detecting Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2-Specific Antibodies

Herpes-simplex-Virusinfektionen

Type-specific serologic testing for herpes simplex virus-2

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