A comparative study on underwater communications for enabling C/U plane splitting based hybrid UWSNs

Mostafa, Mona M.; Esmaiel, Hamada; Mohamed, Ehab Mahmoud

doi:10.1109/wcnc.2018.8377209

Cited by 15 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 8 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The coefficients c 1 and c 2 are given in (7) and 8, respectively [15]. and For f in the range of 3 GHz ≤ f ≤ 40 GHz, T in range −2 °C ≤ T ≤ 30 °C, and S (ppt) in the range 20 ppt ≤ S ≤ 40 ppt.…”

Section: Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Exploiting W. Ellison model for seawater communication at gigahertz frequencies based on world ocean atlas data

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Electromagnetic (EM) waves used to send signals under seawater are normally restricted to low frequencies (f) because of sudden exponential increases of attenuation (α) at higher f. The mathematics of EM wave propagation in seawater demonstrate dependence on relative permeability (μr), relative permittivity (εr), conductivity (σ), and f of transmission. Estimation of εr and σ based on the W. Ellison interpolation model was performed for averaged real‐time data of temperature (T) and salinity (S) from 1955 to 2012 for all oceans with 41088 latitude/longitude points and 101 depth points up to 5500 m. Estimation of parameters such as real and imaginary parts of εr, εr′, εr″, σ, loss tangent (tan δ), propagation velocity (Vp), phase constant (β), and α contributes to absorption loss (La) for seawater channels carried out by using normal distribution fit in the 3 GHz–40 GHz f range. We also estimated total path loss (LPL) in seawater for given transmission power Pt and antenna (dipole) gain. MATLAB is the simulation tool used for analysis.

show abstract

Section: Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 3 shows underwater wireless communication (UWC) architecture in a seawater environment. Sensor nodes can be both mobile and static and can deliver information data to mobile autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) that establish an offshore link with the surface sink (the ship) [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploiting W. Ellison model for seawater communication at gigahertz frequencies based on world ocean atlas data

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Mainly, four communication topologies can be used in IoUT [5,6]: optical, electromagnetic, magnetic induction and acoustic wave. Due to natural spreading problems such as scattering and line of sight (LOS), optical underwater communication its applications are restricted to be used only in clean water.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Acoustic is the widest topology used in underwater applications, where it achieves a wide coverage range which can be on the scale of kilometers, but unfortunately it is a high-power communication system with a limited channel bandwidth. The difference among these different physical underwater technologies in terms of features, pros and cons has been summarized in [6]. Power consumption represents the main IoUT challenge, due to the recharging capability problem of sensor nodes deployed in the underwater areas which suffer from the lack of a sustainable power source to feed their batteries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Fully Generalized Spatial Modulation for the Internet of Underwater Things

Qasem

Esmaiel

Sun

et al. 2019

Sensors

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A full design of the Internet of Underwater Things (IoUT) with a high data rate is one of the greatest underwater communication difficulties due to the unavailability of a sustainable power source for the battery supplies of sensor nodes, electromagnetic spread weakness, and limited acoustic waves channel bandwidth. This paper presents a new energy-efficient communication scheme named Enhanced Fully Generalized Spatial Modulation (EFGSM) for the underwater acoustic channel, where the different number of active antennas used in Fully Generalized Spatial Modulation (FGSM) is combined with multiple signal constellations. The proposed EFGSM enhances energy efficiency over conventional schemes such as spatial modulation, generalized spatial modulation, and FGSM. In order to increase energy and spectral performance, the proposed technique conveys data bits not just by the number of active antenna's index as in the existing traditional FGSM, but also using the type of signal constellation to increase the data bit rate and improve power saving without increasing the receiver’s complexity. The proposed EFGSM uses primary and secondary constellations as indexes to carry information, they are derived from others by geometric interpolation signal space. The performance of the suggested EFGSM is estimated and demonstrated through Monte Carlo simulation over an underwater acoustic channel. The simulation results confirm the advantage of the suggested EFGSM scheme not just regarding energy and spectral efficiency but also concerning the average bit error rate (ABER).

show abstract

“…Acoustic communication technology is a widely trusted physical layer technology used in the UWC to achieve long communication distances, i.e., a few meters to tens of kilometers for low and high transmission frequencies. The acoustic wave is operated with limited bandwidth, ambient noise effects, propagation delay, and high Doppler shift [3,4]. Despite the problems mentioned earlier, acoustic communication is the most trusted UWC technology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pilot-Based Adaptive Channel Estimation for Underwater Spatial Modulation Technologies

et al. 2019

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Spatial Modulation Technologies (SMTs) are schemes that reduce inter-carrier interference (ICI), inter-channel interference, inter-antenna synchronization (IAS), and system complexity for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication systems. Moreover, high spectral and energy efficiency have rendered SMTs attractive to underwater acoustic (UWA) MIMO communication systems. Consequently, this paper focuses on SMTs such as spatial modulation (SM), generalized spatial modulation (GSM), and fully generalized spatial modulation (FGSM) in which one constant number and one multiple number of antennas are active to transmit data symbols in any time interval for underwater acoustic communication (UWAC). In SMTs, the receiver requires perfect channel state information (P-CSI) for accurate data detection. However, it is impractical that the perfect channel knowledge is available at the receiver. Therefore, channel estimation is of critical importance to obtain the CSI. This paper proposes the pilot-based recursive least-square (RLS) adaptive channel estimation method over the underwater time-varying MIMO channel. Furthermore, maximum likelihood (ML) decoder is used to detect the transmitted data and antennas indices from the received signal and the estimated UWA-MIMO channel. The numerical computation of mean square error (MSE) and bit error rate (BER) performance are computed for different SMTs like SM, GSM and FSGM using Monte Carlo iterations. Simulation results demonstrate that the RLS channel estimation method achieves the nearly same BER performance as P-CSI.

show abstract

A comparative study on underwater communications for enabling C/U plane splitting based hybrid UWSNs

Cited by 15 publications

References 8 publications

Exploiting W. Ellison model for seawater communication at gigahertz frequencies based on world ocean atlas data

Exploiting W. Ellison model for seawater communication at gigahertz frequencies based on world ocean atlas data

Enhanced Fully Generalized Spatial Modulation for the Internet of Underwater Things

Pilot-Based Adaptive Channel Estimation for Underwater Spatial Modulation Technologies

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About