A comparative study on the prevalence of Theileria equi and Babesia caballi infections in horse sub-populations in Turkey

Sevinç, Ferda; Maden, Mehmet; Kumas, Cihan; Sevinc, Mutlu; Ekici, Ozlem Derinbay

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2008.06.006

Cited by 53 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Additionally, high titers of specific antibodies were detected in the IFAT test. The positive rate of T. equi seen in the present study on direct microscopic identification was very low and is consistent with previous studies (RAMPERSAD et al, 2003;HEIM et al, 2007;SEVINC et al, 2008;MORETTI et al, 2010). Despite its high specificity, this method lacks sensitivity, especially in the diagnosis of subclinical infections when parasitemia becomes too low to detect positive cases (BÖSE et al, 1995).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Occurrence of Theileria equi in horses raised in the Jaboticabal microregion, São Paulo State, Brazil

Baldani

Nakaghi

Machado

2010

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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Blood and serum samples from 170 horses raised in the Jaboticabal microregion, São Paulo State, Brazil, were collected and tested by microscopic examination of blood smears, indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) and nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR) for Theileria equi infections. The association among the test results was verified by the McNemar test. During the examination of thin blood smears, parasites were detected in six (3.52%) horses. Anti-T. equi antibodies were detected in 100% sera samples, with titers ranging between 1:80 and 1:5120. The nPCR based on the T. equi merozoite antigen gene (EMA-1) allowed the visualization of specie-specific amplified product in 108 (63.53%) horses. All six samples judged positive microscopically were also positive for nPCR. Statistical analysis indicated general disagreement (p < 0.0001) between IFAT and nPCR; IFAT and blood smear; and nPCR and blood smear on the detection of parasite carriers. The results of the present study indicate that T. equi is widely spread among horses in the Jaboticabal microregion, Northeast region of São Paulo State, Brazil.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Occurrence of Theileria equi in horses raised in the Jaboticabal microregion, São Paulo State, Brazil

Baldani

Nakaghi

Machado

2010

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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“…Racehorses participate in high-intensity exercise when they are getting ready for a race. Heavy exercise is a well-known physical stressor that may temporarily compromise the immune system and immunocompromised animals have been shown to be more susceptible to infection compared with their immunocompetent counterparts (Hodgson, 2002;Sevinc et al 2008). In the present study the odds of infection in equids reared without contact with cattle was 1.75 times greater than in animals kept in close contact with cattle although this difference was not significant.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 59%

“…Thus, overall, it has been demonstrated that T. equi is present in horses in Iran. Similar studies conducted in countries neighbouring Iran described T. equi prevalence rates among horses of 10.4% in Saudi Arabia (Alanazi et al 2012), 77.1% in Kuwait (Donnelly et al 1980b); 97.75% in Oman (Donnelly et al 1980a), 12.8-16.21% in Turkey (Sevinc et al 2008;Karatepe et al 2009), 81.11% in Iraq (Al-Saad 2009 and 32.45% in the United Arab Emirates (Jaffer et al 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

“…The prevalence and risk factors of equine theileriosis caused by T. equi have been the focus of epidemiological studies in recent years. Studies from countries surrounding Iran such as Saudi Arabia (Alanazi et al 2012), Kuwait (Donnelly 1980a), Oman (Donnelly et al 1980a), Turkey (Sevinc et al 2008;Karatepe et al 2009), Iraq (Al-Saad 2009 and United Arab Emirates (Jaffer et al 2010) as well as from other countries, found varying degrees of parasite prevalence. There is a considerable population of Arab horses in the Khuzestan province, in south-western Iran, and the province is the centre of Persian Arab horse breeding and training.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Epidemiology of Theileria equi in Persian Arab horses from Iran

Bahrami¹,

Ghadrdan²,

Borujeni³

et al. 2014

Vet. Med. - Czech

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ABSTRACT:The Khuzestan province in south-western Iran is the centre of Persian Arab horse breeding and training. The present study was aimed at determining the prevalence of Theileria equi in the equids of this province. A total of 165 blood samples from healthy Persian Arab horses from twenty four stables were examined for the presence of T. equi infection using molecular methods. For detection of T. equi, primers targeting the 18SrRNA gene were selected. The PCR method gave 47 (28.5%) positive results. Age (P = 0.68), sex (P = 0.88), contact with cattle (P = 0.26) and type of activity (P = 0.06) were not determined as risk factors for T. equi infection in this study. However, there was a significant geographical variation in the prevalence of T. equi infection ranging from 8.3% (2/24) in Shushtar to 55.6% (10/18) in Ramhormoz (CI, 2.46-76.82) (P = 0.003). In conclusion, equine theileriosis has the potential of posing a significant problem for Iran's Persian Arab horse industry and should remain a major concern to the horse community and regulatory agencies.

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“…According to the studies based on microscopic diagnosis, the prevalence rate of equine babesiosis is varying between 0 to 58.18% (Inci 1997, Akkan et al 2003, Kurt 2005, Balkaya and Erdogmus 2006. The serological studies performed by ELISA, IFAT and complement fixation test (CFT) showed that the occurrence of T. equi varied between 12.8 and 64.5% and B. caballi between 0 and 34.6% (Akkan et al 2003, Kurt 2005, Balkaya and Erdogmus 2006, Oncel et al 2007, Acici et al 2008, Sevinc et al 2008, Karatepe et al 2009, Sari et al 2010. The prevalence rates of T. equi and B. caballi in the show/sport horses have been found 7% and 3% by PCR, respectively (Guclu and Karaer 2007).…”

Section: Equine Babesiosismentioning

confidence: 99%