A Comparative Study on the Toluene Degrading Bacteria Isolated From Polluted Environments

Abstract

Humans are primarily exposed to various types of Pollutants and one such pollutant is Toluene. It is moderately toxic when ingested or inhaled and slightly hazardous when absorbed through skin. Toluene can enter human body from the air, water or soil. When toluene is inhaled, it is directly taken into the blood from the lungs. When toluene is ingested, it is absorbed from the GI tract into the bloodstream. Small amount of toluene accumulates in fat tissue with daily exposure and majority of toluene is removed from the body within a day. Toluene leaves the body unchanged during respiration and excretion or it is converted into a less harmful chemical such as hippuric acid.Bioremediation is the best practice of using living organisms to detoxify the polluted environment. There are three different types of bioremediation namely (a) Microbial bioremediation, (b) Phytoremediation and (c) Mycoremediation. The process of using microbes to degrade environmental contaminants to non harmful or less harmful products is termed as microbial biodegradation which can occur aerobically or anaerobically.Aerobic degradation occurs when the pollutant is oxidised using oxygen, nitrogen, iron, sulphate and manganese by the microbes and the pollutant acts as electron donor. Anaerobic degradation occurs when the pollutant is reduced by the microbes. The oxidative microbes degrade toluene via hydroxylation of the aromatic ring to a mixture of catechols and cresols.The present research work is a Comparative study of bacteria isolated from polluted environments that are capable of degrading toluene.

Exploration of Organic Compound Degradation Capability of Indigenous Soil Bacteria and their Consortium from Oil Refinery of Assam

“…In presence of petrol and toluene in media, Qs 15 degrades these two hydrocarbons up to 90%. Similar finding was revealed in the study of Sumathy [16] in which Pseudomonas spp. degrade the 1% toluene and result of GC-MS confirm the presence of catechol.…”

Pseudomonas fluorescens SP007S Formulations in Controlling Soft Rot Disease and Promoting Growth in Kale

“…Subsequently, 10 g of the SP007s formulation was added to each soil pot that contained 500 g of infected soil; then, it was mixed well under aseptic conditions (approximately 10 8 CFU/g), and kept at room temperature. The soil samples were collected from each treatment to evaluate the P. carotovorum population every 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after the treatment application using the serial dilution method [19]. Then, 2 g of soil was mixed into 2 mL of sterile phosphate-buffered saline (PBS).…”