A comparative study on the effects of high-fat diet and endurance training on the PGC-1α-FNDC5/irisin pathway in obese and nonobese male C57BL/6 mice

Abstract

The present study was performed to clarify how a combined exercise/diet treatment could affect the expression level of the muscle fibronectin type III domain containing 5 (Fndc5) with respect to body fat mass. Male C57BL/6 mice were divided into 2 groups including low-fat (LF) and high-fat (HF) diets for 12 weeks. Then, LF fed (nonobese) and HF fed mice (obese) were divided into the following 4 groups: HF-Exercise, HF-Sedentary, LF-Exercise, and LF-Sedentary. The exercise group exercised on a motor-driven treadmill for 45 min/day, 5 days/week for 8 weeks. Mice were sacrificed 24 h after the final exercise session. Gastrocnemius muscle and the visceral adipose tissue were excised and frozen for the assessment of proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha (Pgc-1α) and Fndc5 messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein levels. Data indicated that protein level of muscle PGC-1α was decreased in HF versus LF groups and in obese versus nonobese mice. Moreover, Fndc5 mRNA levels were increased in the muscle tissue of HF versus LF groups and in obese versus nonobese mice. Also, in the gastrocnemius skeletal muscle, protein levels of FNDC5 were significantly higher in the HF fed mice, as compared with their low-fat fed counterparts, similar to what was observed for exercised versus sedentary mice. Overall, we found that the HF diet increased Fndc5 transcript levels in the skeletal muscle, but exercise had a minimal effect on the transcript level of Fndc5, whereas endurance training increased the protein content of FNDC5 in the skeletal muscle.

Effect of aerobic exercise, low‐fat and high‐fat diet on the testis tissue and sperm parameters in obese and nonobese mice model

“…In regard to body weight of the mice, there was no difference at the beginning of the first intervention (12‐week HF and LF), while a significant difference was observed between LF‐fed and HF‐fed mice after five weeks of intervention (Kazeminasab et al, ).…”

“…Many studies demonstrating the negative impact of overweight and obesity on sperm parameters but conflicting results can be observed in literature. In this regard, some studies suggest a negative relationship between BMI and sperm parameters (Eisenberg et al, ; Keltz et al, ), while other studies have reported contradictory results (Gaskins et al, ; Kazeminasab et al, ; Yang et al, ). These contradictions are often contributed to multifactor nature of these phenotypes, which are difficult to account for in human studies due to the diverse genetic and social and environmental background.…”

“…Food and water were provided ad libitum. In this study, in continuation of Kazeminasab et al, () study, testis of 48 mice (male C57BL/6) belonging to eight groups was used. A protocol with two interventions (long‐term high‐fat diet and exercise and diet) were used according to Kazeminasab et al ().…”

Modulation of inter-organ signalling in obese mice by spontaneous physical activity during mammary cancer development

“…This lack of change can be explained by the short time frame of the experience, there being no more than 12 weeks until the sacrifice. It is currently recognised in the literature, which mainly focuses on high intensive training, that sequential intensive training over a period of more than 12 weeks has a positive impact in diet-induced obesity models 29 . In such conditions, physical activity has demonstrated the ability to correct biological and body parameters in obese mice 29 .…”

Is Exercise a Match for Cold Exposure? Common Molecular Framework for Adipose Tissue Browning

“…However, reductions in plasma irisin have also been observed after shortterm moderate intensity training [156] and after interval training [157]. Many studies have also reported no change in circulating irisin after acute exercise bouts under 60 min [156,[158][159][160]. These conflicting results extend to chronic exercise exposure.…”